Öznel İyi Oluşun Cinsiyet, Yaş Grupları ve Kişilik Özellikleri Açısından İncelenmesi

Bu çalışmada, öznel iyi oluşun, cinsiyet, yaş grupları ve kişilik özellikleri açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, 14-17 yaş gurunda (ergenlik), 19-25 yaş gurubunda (genç yetişkinlik) ve 26-45 yaş gurubunda (yetişkinlik) yer alan toplam 699 (372 kadın ve 327 erkek) kişiyle yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada Sıfatlara Dayalı Kişilik Testi, Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği ve Pozitif-Negatif Duygu Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Öznel iyi oluş ve cinsiyet arasındaki ilişkiler, bağımsız gruplar için t-testi tekniğiyle; öznel iyi oluş ve yaş grupları arasındaki ilişkiler tek yönlü varyans analizi tekniği ile öznel iyi oluş ve kişilik özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler çoklu regresyon analizi tekniğiyle incelenmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, 26-45 yaş gurubunda yer alan erkeklerin kadınlara oranla yüksek düzeyde öznel iyi oluşa sahip oldukları; 19-25 yaş gurubundaki bireylerin hem 14-17 hem de 26-45 yaş gurubundaki bireylere oranla düşük düzeyde öznel iyi oluşa sahip oldukları bulunmuştur. Çalışmada 14-17 yaş gurubundaki bireylerin öznel iyi oluşlarını, dışa dönüklük, sorumluluk ve duygusal dengesizlik kişilik özelliklerinin anlamlı bir şekilde açıkladığı sonucuna varılmıştır. 19-25 yaş gurubundaki bireylerin öznel iyi oluşlarını dışa dönüklük, sorumluluk, yumuşak başlılık ve duygusal dengesizlik; 26-45 yaş gurubundaki bireylerin öznel iyi oluşlarını ise, sorumluluk ve duygusal dengesizlik kişilik özelliklerinin anlamlı bir şekilde açıkladığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Bulgular literatür ışığında tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

öznel iyi oluş, yaş grupları, cinsiyet, kişilik özellikleri

Investigating of the Subjective Well-Being Based On Gender, Age and Personality Traits

This study aims to analyse the subjective well-being in terms of gender, age and personality traits. The participants of the study are a total of 699 individuals (372 females and 327 males). These subjects are from three age groups: 14-17 age group (adolescents); 19-25 age group (oung adults) and 26-45 age group (adults). The data of the study were collected through the use of three data collection tools, namely Personality Test based on Adjectives, The scale of life satisfaction and the scale of positivenegative emotions. The correlations between subjective well-being and gender were analysed through the use of t-tests for independent groups. The correlations between subjective well-being and age groups were analysed through the use of one-way variance analysis. The correlations between subjective well-being and subjective well-being were analysed through the use of multi-regression analyses. The findings obtained indicate that males from the 26-45 age group have higher levels of the subjective well-being in contrast to females in the same age group and that subjects in the 19-25 age group have lower levels of the subjective well-being in contrast to those in the remaining two age groups. It is also found that the subjective well-being of the individuals in the 14-17 age group is well explained by their personality traits such as extrovertness, being responsible and emotional instability. The subjective wellbeing of the subjects in the 19-25 age group is accounted by the personality traits of extrovertness, being responsible, emotional instability and docility. Being responsible and emotional instability are found to be significant factors in explaining the subjective well-being of the subjects in the 26-45 age group. The findings obtained are discussed in reference to previous studies.

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