Terörizm ve Terörist Algısı: Silahı Kimin Tuttuğu Ne Kadar Etkili?

Bu çalışmanın öncelikli amacı Türkiye’deki üniversite öğrencilerinin terörist kavramını nasıl tanımladıklarını araştırmak ve bu tanımların, amaca ya da terörizm türlerine (dinsel terörizm, etnik terörizm ve ideolojik terörizm) bağlı olarak farklılık gösterip göstermediğine bakmaktır. Daha önce yapılan çalışmalarda, terörizm ve terörist kavramlarının, ulus devletlerce nasıl tanımlandığının ve uluslararası sistemde nasıl karşılık bulduğunun araştırıldığı görülmektedir. Terörizm riski algısının boyutları ve söz konusu risk algısı ile ortaya çıkan terörist özellikleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi, çalışmanın ikinci temel amacını oluşturmaktadır. Son olarak, bu çalışmada, terörist olarak nitelendirilen kişiler için uygun görülen yaptırım önerileri ve bu yaptırım önerileriyle terörist özellikleri ve risk algısı arasındaki ilişkiler araştırılmaktadır. Bu amaçla, katılımcılara, Terörist Özellikleri Anketi (TÖA), Terörizm Riski Algısı Anketi (TRA) ve Teröriste Ne Yapılmalı Anketi (TNYA) uygulanmıştır. Katılımcılardan toplanan verilerin çözümlenmesi sonucu ortaya çıkan farklı bileşenler incelenmiş ve bu bileşenler arasındaki ilişkiler belirlenmiştir. Bulgular, terörist kavramının, katılımcılar tarafından olumsuz kişilik, olumlu kişilik, dengesizlik ve katılık özellikleri ile tanımlandığını ve amaca göre terörizm türlerinin, terörist kavramının tanımlanmasında etkili bir rol oynadığını göstermektedir. Ek olarak, terörist özellikleri, farklı risk algıları ve farklı yaptırım önerileri arasında bazı ilişkiler bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Türkiye

Perception of Terrorism and Terrorist: How Important Who Holds the Gun?

The main purpose of this study is to examine how Turkish university students define the concept of terrorist and to see whether these definitions are differentiated according to types of terrorism (religious terrorism, ethnic terrorism and ideological terrorism). Previous studies investigated how the concepts of terrorism and terrorist are defined by nation-states and the international system.. Determining the risk perception of terrorism and the relation between the perception of risk and characteristics of a terrorist is another purpose of this study. Finally, in this study, the suggestions of sanctions for individuals who are defined as terrorists are studied and the relations among these suggestions of sanctions, characteristics of a terrorist and risk perception of terrorism are investigated. With these purposes in mind, participants were given Characteristics of Terrorist Questionnaire, Risk Perception of Terrorism Questionnaire, and Manners of Treating the Terrorist Questionnaire. Different components emerged after the statistical analyses were examined and relations among those components were determined. Results showed that the concept of terrorist is defined with the characteristics of negative personality, positive personality, imbalance and dogmatism, and the types of terrorism have an effective role on the definition of terrorist. Besides, the relations among the characteristics of terrorist, different risk perceptions of terrorism and different suggestions of sanctions were found.

Keywords:

Turkey,

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