Ergenin arkadaşları ve uyumu ile annenin akran yönetimi davranışları arasındaki ilişkilerde annenin inançlarının aracı rolü

Ergenlerin anne-baba ve akran ilişkilerinin niteliği ile psikososyal uyumları arasındaki ilişkiler sıkça araştırılmakla birlikte ergenlerin uyumu ve arkadaşlarının, ebeveynin akran yönetimi üzerindeki etkisini araştıran çalışmalar yok denecek kadar azdır. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı ergenin uyumu, olumlu ve olumsuz davranışlara sahip arkadaşlarla ilişkisi ile annenin akran yönetimi davranışları arasındaki bağlantıları ve bu bağlantılarda annenin akran yönetiminde yeterliğinin ve arkadaşlara ilişkin endişelerinin aracı rolünü incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, Tilton-Weaver ve Galambos'un (2003) önerdiği model uyarlanmış ve ergenin algıladığı yalnızlık, bir değişken olarak modele eklenmiştir. Ergenlik döneminde psikososyal gelişimi inceleyen kapsamlı bir araştırma projesinin parçası olan araştırmanın örneklemi, Ankara ilinde 7.-10. sınıfa devam eden 297 ergen ve annelerinden oluşmaktadır. Bulgular, ergenin saldırganlığı ile algıladığı yalnızlığın, annelerin akran yönetimi davranışlarını farklı boyutlarda yordadığını göstermiştir. Ergenin saldırganlığı, annenin çocuğunun arkadaşlığını onaylamama yönündeki iletişimini pozitif yönde yordamakta, ergenin algıladığı yalnızlık ise annenin çocuğun arkadaşlığını destekleyici iletişimini, akran tercihleriyle ilgili iletişimini ve akranları onaylamamayı negatif yönde yordamaktadır. Ayrıca annenin arkadaşlara ilişkin endişesinin aracı rolleri bulunmuştur. Buna göre; çocuğun yalnızlığı azaldıkça, annenin endişesi azalmakta ve anne çocuğun arkadaşlıklarını destekleyici iletişimi daha fazla kurmaktadır. Ayrıca çocuğun olumlu sosyal davranış gösteren arkadaşların artması ise annenin endişesini azaltmakta ve anne çocuğuyla arkadaşlıkları destekleyici iletişimi daha fazla kurmaktadır. Elde edilen ilişkilerin gücü orta düzeyde olmakla birlikte, sonuçlar anne endişesinin ergen, akran ve anne ilişkilerinin kalitesini belirleyebildiğine işaret etmektedir.

The relationships among adolescents' friends, adjustment, and mothers' peer management behaviors: The mediator role of maternal beliefs

The associations of adolescents' psychosocial adjustment and relationship qualities with parents and peers have been widely studied; however there has been little concern on the possible impact of adolescents' psychosocial adjustment on parents' use of peer management behaviors. The specific aim of this study was to assess these relations and the mediating role of mothers' efficacy and concerns about adolescents' friendships on the relationships among adolescent adjustment, having prosocial and deviant friends and mothers' peer management behaviors. For this aim, Tilton-Weaver and Galambos's (2003) proposed model was adapted and adolescents' perceived loneliness introduced to the model. As a part of a project about the psychosocial development in adolescence, 297 seventh-to-tenth grade students and their mothers participated in this study in Ankara. Results revealed that adolescent aggression and loneliness predicted mothers' peer management on different dimensions. Adolescent aggression predicted mothers' "communications of disapproval" positively, whereas adolescents' perceived loneliness predicted mothers' communication about "supporting friendships", "preferences", and "disapproval" negatively. In addition, a series of regression analyses indicated the mediator role of mothers' concerns about their adolescents' friends. Accordingly, when adolescents reported lower levels of loneliness, mothers reported fewer concerns and communicated more about supporting friendships. Similarly, aş adolescents reported having more prosocial friends, levels of mothers' concern was lowered and mothers communicated more about supporting friendships. Although, the predictive values are moderate, findings revealed the importance of mother's concern about adolescent's friendships in the quality of relationships among adolescent, peer, and mother.

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