Ebeveynleşme ile Psikolojik Belirtiler Arasındaki İlişkide Cinsiyetin ve Ebeveynleşmeden Algılanan Yararın Rolü

Ebeveynleşme, çocuğun kendi ihtiyaçlarını göz ardı ederek ebeveynlerinin ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak durumunda kaldığı aile içi bir rol değişimi olarak tanımlamaktadır. Ebeveynleşmenin çocuğun ileriki yaşlardaki psikolojik sağlığınıolumsuz yönde etkileyebileceği kabul edilmektedir. Son dönemde yapılan çalışmalar algılanan adalet ya da yararınebeveynleşmenin olumsuz etkilerini düzenlediğine işaret etmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında görgül çalışmalardayaygın olarak kullanılan Ebeveynleşme Envanteri Türkçeye uyarlanmıştır. İzleyen aşamada kadınlar ve erkekler içinpsikolojik belirtiler ile ebeveyn odaklı ebeveynleşme, kardeş odaklı ebeveynleşme ve ebeveynleşmeden algılananyarar arasındaki ilişkiler değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma 142’si kadın 159’u erkek olmak üzere toplam 301 genç yetişkinkatılımcıyla yürütülmüştür. Analizler, ölçeğin Türkçe formuna ait faktör yapısının orijinal formla uyumlu olduğunaişaret etmiştir. Ebeveyn odaklı ebeveynleşme boyutu ve kardeş odaklı ebeveynleşme boyutu, tüm psikolojik problemlerle pozitif ve anlamlı olarak ilişkili bulunmuştur. Bununla birlikte, algılanan yarar boyutunun tüm psikolojikproblemlerle anlamlı ve ters yönde ilişkili olduğu görülmüştür. Ulaşılan sonuçlar kadın ve erkekler için eşit düzeydeebeveynleşmeye maruz kalındığında bile çok farklı etkilerin ortaya çıkabileceğine işaret etmiştir. Sınanan yapısaleşitlik modelleri bu durumun altta yatan dinamiklerle yakından ilişkili olabileceğini göstermiştir. Buna göre, kadınlar ve erkeklerin ebeveynleşme miktarı aynı olmasına karşın, ortaya çıkan etkinin sonuçları farklı bulunmuştur.

The Effect of Perceived Benefit and Gender Differences on the Relationship Between Parentification and Psychological Symptoms

Parentification is described as a kind of role reversal in which children have to meet their parents’ needs while ignoring their own needs within the family. It is accepted that parentification may negatively affect child’s psychological health in the following years. Recent studies indicated that perceived fairness or perceived benefit of parentification might compensate the negative effects. In this study, firstly, ‘Parentification Inventory’, which is commonly used in empirical studies, has been adapted to Turkish language. Secondly, the relationship between psychological symptoms of men and women and parent focused parentification, sibling focused parentification and perceived benefit was investigated. Three hundred and one young adults (142 female, 159 male) participated in the study. Analyzes pointed out that the factor structure of the Turkish form of the scale was consistent with the original form. The parental focused parentification dimension and the sibling-focused parentification dimension were found to be positively and significantly related to all psychological problems. On the other hand, the perceived benefit dimension was significantly negatively related to all psychological problems. The results showed that even when men and women exposed to similar levels of parentification, final effects might be quite different. Applied structural equation modeling showed that this could be closely related to underlying dynamics. Therefore, although the amount of parenting for women and men is the same, the effects appeared can be different.

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