Domuz gribi (h1n1) salgınıyla ilişkili algıların, kaygı ve kaçınma düzeyi değişkenleri bağlamında incelenmesi

Bu çalışmanın amacı 2009 domuz gribi (H1N1) salgını sırasında bir Türkiye örnekleminde H1N1’e ilişkin algıları ve bu algıların kaygı düzeyi ve kaçınma davranışları ile olan ilişkisini belirlemeye çalışmaktır. Araştırmada H1N1’e ilişkin algılar ve tutumlar dört ana değişken halinde incelenmiştir: (1) hastalığın doğası, (2) hastalığın olası nedenleri, (3) salgının kontrol edilme yöntemleri ve (4) aşıya yönelik tutumlar. Araştırma örneklemi üniversite öğrencilerinden ve öğrenci olmayan gruplardan oluşturulmuştur (N = 697). Bulgular H1N1 ile ilgili algıların cinsiyet ve çalışma statüsü değişkenlerinden etkilendiğini göstermektedir. Araştırmamızdaki kadınlar hastalığı daha bulaşıcı algılamışlardır. Kadınların kaygı düzeyleri ve kaçınma sıklıkları erkeklerden yüksek bulunmuştur. Öğrenci grubunun hastalığın nedenlerine ilişkin inanç bileşeni ve kaçınılamazlık puanları daha yüksektir. Aşıya yönelik tutumlarla ilgili olarak, hem olumlu tutum hem de olumsuz tutum bileşenlerindeki ortalama puanlar erkeklerde kadınlardan, öğrenci grubunda öğrenci olmayanlardan anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunmuştur. Öğrenci olmayan grubun ortak alanlardan kaçınma, kişisel temastan kaçınma ve ortalama kaçınma puanları öğrenci grubundan yüksektir. Hiyerarşik Regresyon Analizi sonuçları kaçınma davranışlarının cinsiyet, statü, tehlikelilik, inanç, kişisel kontrol ve sürekli kaygı değişkenleri tarafından yordandığını göstermektedir. Araştırmanın bulguları ilgili literatür çerçevesinde tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Türkiye

The investigation of swine infl uenza (h1n1) pandemic related perceptions in terms of anxiety and avoidance variables

This study aims to determine swine infl uenza (H1N1) related perceptions and their relationship with anxiety and avoidance behaviors during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic with a Turkish sample. In the study H1N1 related perceptions and attitudes were examined under four main variables: (1) nature of the disease, (2) possible causes, (3) control methods, (4) attitudes toward the vaccine. The sample of the study was made up of university students and nonstudents (N = 697). The fi ndings revealed that H1N1 related perceptions were infl uenced by the gender and working status of the participants. Women participants perceived the illness as more contagious compared to men. The level of anxiety and the frequency of avoidance were found to be higher in women than men. The student group displayed higher faith beliefs concerning the causes of the disease, and their unavoidability scores were higher. As for attitudes toward the vaccine, it was found that the mean scores on both positive and negative attitude components were signifi cantly higher in men than women and in the student group than the non-student group. The public avoidance, avoidance of personal contact and mean avoidance scores of the non-student group were signifi cantly higher than the student group. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that avoidance behaviors were predicted by gender, status, dangerousness, faith, personal control and anxiety level. The fi ndings were discussed within the context of the existing literature.

Keywords:

Turkey,

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