The usage of behaviour based safety process for decreasing work-related musculoskeletal diseases at the sales department of a factory

Amaç: Uluslararası Çalışma Örgütüne göre meslek hastalıkları ve iş ile ilişkili hastalıkların ilk sıralarında mesleki kas iskelet sistemi hastalıkları (MKİSH) yer almaktadır. Bu hastalıkların oluşumunda monoton iş, iş yerinde tekrarlamalı ve zorlamalı hareketler, vücudun kötü pozisyonlarda kullanımı, hatalı davranışlar ve titreşimi de içeren ergonomik yetersizlikler önemli rol oynar. Ergonomik risk faktörlerini azaltmak için işyerlerinde farklı yaklaşımlar -mühendislik, yönetsel ve davranışsal/kişisel - geliştirilmeye devam etmektedir. Davranış odaklı güvenlik yaklaşımı (DOGY) kişisel/davranışsal yaklaşımlara iyi bir örnektir. DOGY iş kazalarını önlemek için sıkça kullanılmaktadır. Meslek hastalıklarını önlemek için kullanım örneği azdır.Yöntem: Fabrikada 6 ay önce fabrika iş sağlığı ve güvenliği profesyonelleri tarafından DOGY sistemi oluşturulmuştur. DOGY gördüm, çözdüm, önledim ve izledim olmak üzere dört basamaktan oluşmaktadır. 15 çalışana eğitim verilerek bu sistemin içinde aktif görev verilmiştir. Sistem fabrika satış bölümünde çalışan 34 çalışana uygulanmıştır. Çalışanların uzun dönemde mesleki kas iskelet sistemi hastalıklarına yol açabilecek bir davranış örneğinde sistem uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Fabrika satış bölümünde 34 çalışan vardı ve 25 (%73,5)'i erkekti. Çalışanların en sık yakınması boyun ağrısı (%94,1) ve boyun tutulmasıydı (%44,1). DOGY sistemi sonucu yapılan girişimler öncesi RULA skoru 6,15±0,60 iken girişim sonrası 5,12±0,80 idi (p

Mesleksel kas iskelet sistemi hastalıklarını azaltmada davranış odaklı güvenlik sistemi uygulaması

Objective: According to the International Labour Organisation, occupational diseases and work-related diseases are the musculoskeletal diseases in the first place. Ergonomic inadequacies such as monotonous tasks, repetitive movements, movements which require force, unhealthy body posture, unsafe acts and vibration have an important impact on the development of musculoskeletal diseases. In order to reduce ergonomics risks factors many interventions have been developing such as engineering, administrative, and behavioural/ personal interventions. The Behavioural Based Safety (BBS) process is a good example for behavioural / personal ergonomic interventions. Although BBS is used for occupational accident commonly, there is not many examples for occupational diseases.Methods: The BBS system which was developed by factory health and safety professionals had been established in the factory 6 months ago. BBS was consisted four steps: I observed it, I solved it, I prevented it and I monitored it. Fifteen workers were trained and worked in this system actively. The system was implemented in 34 employees who work in the factory sales department. System was used as an example unsafe act that might caused occupational musculoskeletal diseases at factory sales department.Results: Thirty-four employees were working at the sales department. Twenty-five (73.5%) of the cases weremale. The most common complaints were neck pain, whichwas expressed by 94.1% of the employees, and neck stiffnesswhich was expressed by 44.1% of the employees. RULA scorewas 6.15±0.60 prior the implementation, it was 5.12±0.80afterwards (p

PDF

___

1. International Labour Office (ILO). The prevention of occupational disease. 2013, Geneva. Available from http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/- --ed_protect/---protrav/---safework/documents/ publication/wcms_208226.pdf (Accessed date: 01.02.2016).
2. World Health Organization (WHO). The global burden of disease 2004 update. 2004, Geneva. Available from http://www.who.int/healthinfo/ statistics/GlobalDALYmethods_2000_2011.pdf. (Accessed date: 01.02.2016).
3. Tanır F, Guzel R, Issever H, Polat U. Musculoskeletal disorders in an automotive manufacturing plant and the outcomes of ergonomics and exercise training in workers who used sick leave. Turkish Journal of Phys Med Rehab, 2013; 59(3):214-21.
4. Norman R, Wells R. Ergonomic interventions for reducing musculoskeletal disorders: an overview, related issues and future directions. Department of Kinesiology Faculty of Applied Health Sciences University Of Waterloo, 1998.
5. Geller ES. Behavior-based safety and occupational risk management. Behav Modif, 2005; 29(3): 539- 61.
6. Manuele AF. On the practise of safety. 4th ed. USA: John Wiley and Sons, 2013.
7. Choudhry RM. Behavior-based safety on construction sites: a case study. Accid Anal Prev, 2014; 70:14-23.
8. Dickerson JM, Koch BL, Adams JM, Goodfriend MA, Donnelly LF. Safety coaches in radiology: decreasing human error and minimizing patient harm. Pediatr Radiol, 2010; 40(9): 1545–51.
9. Hermann JA, Ibarra GV, Hopkins BL. A safety program that integrated behavior based safety and traditional safety methods and its effects on injury rates of manufacturing workers. J Organ Behav Manage, 2010; 30(1): 6–25.
10. Hickman JS, Geller ES. A safety self-management intervention for mining operations. J Safety Res, 2003; 34 (3):299-308.
11. Carter N. Behavior analysis and the primary prevention of occupational injuries. Scan J Behav Therapy, 1992; 21(2): 89-103.
12. Less H, Faulkner B. Linking production to safety: boosting productive performance through behavior- based safety. G Ital Med Lav Ergon, 2010; 32(Suppl 1): 24a-7.
13. Krause TR, Seymour KJ, Sloat KCM. Long-term evaluation of a behavior-based method for improving safety performance: a meta-analysis of 73 interrupted time-series replications. Safety Science, 1999; 32 (1): 1-18.
14. McCann KB, Azaroff BS. Cumulative trauma disorders: behavioral ınjury prevention at work. The J App Behav Sci, 1996; 32(3): 277-91.
15. Atamney M, Corlett EN. RULA: a survey method for the investigation of work-related upper limb disorders. Appl Ergon, 1993; 24(2):91-9.
16. Ozturk N, Esin MN. Ergonomik riskleri belirleme: calışanın üst ekstremitelerini değerlendirme formunun tanıtımı. Mesleki Sağlık ve Güvenlik Dergisi, 2007; 30(8):31-7.
17. Pala K. İş yeri hekimleri için iş sağlığı epidemiyolojisine giriş. Mesleki Sağlık ve Güvenlik Dergisi, 2001; 8(2):14-8.
18. Frederick J, Lessin N. Blame the worker. The rise of behavioral-based safety programs. The Multinational Monitor, 2000; 21(11).
19. Komaki J, Barwick KD, Scott LR. A behavioral approach to occupational safety: pinpointing and reinforcing safe performance in a food manufacturing plant. J Appl Psychol, 1978; 63(4): 434-45.
20. Al-Hemoud AM. Al-Asfoor MM. A behavior based safety approach at a Kuwait research institution. J Safety Res, 2006; 37(2): 201-6.
21. Blackmon RB, Gramopadhye AK. Improving construction safety by providing positive feedback on backup alarms. J Constr Eng Manag, 1995; 121 (2):166-71.
22. Sulzer-Azaroff B, Austin J. Does BBS work? Behavior-based safety and injury reductions: a survey of the evidence. Prof Saf, 2000; 45(7):19- 24.
23. Saari J, Nasanen M. The effect of positive feedback on industrial housekeeping and accidents: A longterm study at a shipyard. Int J Ind Ergon, 1989; 4(3): 201-11.
24. Spence SH. Cognitive-behavior therapy in the management of upper extremity cumulative trauma disorder. J Occup Rehabil, 1998; 8(1):27- 45.
25. Zhang M, Fang D. Continuous Behavior-Based Safety strategy for persistent safety improvement in construction industry. Automation in Construction, 2013; 34: 101-7.
26. Özcan E, Kesiktas N. Mesleki kas iskelet hastalıklarından korunma ve ergonomi. İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Dergisi, 2007; 34: 6-9.
27. Ulin SS, Keyserlink WIM. Case studies of ergonomic interventions in automotive parts distrubition operations. J Occup Rehabil, 2004; 14(4): 307-26.