Liu JINGENG, Liu WEICHAO, Shi GONGNING, He FEI

Roles of ephrin-B2+ and CD34+ cells in post-angioplasty pericardial patch repair

Amaç: Bu çalışmada endotel belirteci ephrin B2ninanjiyoplasti sonrasında perikard yamalarında mevcut olupolmadığı ve CD34+ endotel progenitör hücrelerinin arteriyelortama implante edildikten sonra yamalarda bulunupbulunmadığı araştırıldı. Çalışmaplanı:Renal arterlerin aşağısında abdominal aortukontrol ve insize etmek ve ardından domuz veya sığır perikardyaması ile anjiyoplasti yapmak üzere sekiz haftalık 18 erkekWistar sıçanına laparotomi uygulandı. Kontrol grubu, yaş veağırlık olarak eşleştirilmiş 18 Wistar sıçanından oluşuyordu.Anjiyoplasti kontrol grubuna yamaların subkutan olarakimplante edilmesi ile gerçekleştirildi. Yamalar cerrahidenbir, üç, beş ve 30 gün sonra alındı ve histolojik veimmünhistolojik testler, immünfloresan işaretleme, Westernblot ve reverz transkripsiyon polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu ileçalışıldı. Bul gu lar: Kollajen içeren yamalar anjiyoplasti öncesiaselüler idi. Sığır perikard yama implantasyonundan sonra,ephrin B2+ ve CD34+ hücre sayısı anlamlı düzeyde arttı;ancak CD68, alfa-aktin ve von-Willebrand faktörününtest sonuçları negatif idi. Domuz perikard yamaimplantasyonundan beş gün sonra, lümenin iç yüzeyindetek hücre tabakası mevcuttu. Buna karşın, kontrol grubundaephrin B2+ ve CD34+ hücrelerine rastlanmadı. Cerrahinin30. gününde iki yama türünde de ephrin B2+ ve CD34+ hücreleri mevcuttu. So nuç: Ephrin B2+ ve CD34+ hücreleri implantasyondan kısabir süre sonra perikard yamalarına infiltre olmaya başladı.Arterlerin yeniden biçimlenmesi sırasında endotelializasyonusağlayan yamalar, doku plasti ve anjiyoplastide potansiyelolarak kullanılabilir.

Ephrin B2+ and CD34+ hücrelerinin anjiyoplasti sonrası perikard yama tamirindeki rolü

Background: This study aims to investigate whether anendothelial marker ephrin-B2 exists in pericardial patchesduring post-angioplasty repair and whether CD34+ endothelialprogenitor cells are present in the patches after beingimplanted into the arterial environment. Methods: Eighteen eight-week-old male Wistar rats weresubjected to laparotomy to check the abdominal aortabelow renal arteries, to incise it, and then to performangioplasty by using porcine or bovine pericardial patch.The control group consisted of 18 age- and weight-matchedWistar rats. Angioplasty was conducted by subcutaneouslyimplanting patches in the control group. The patches weretaken on one, three, five, and 30 days after surgery andinvestigated by histological and immunohistochemical assays,immunofluorescent labeling, Western blotting and reversetranscription polymerase chain reaction. Results: The patches containing collagen were acellularbefore angioplasty. After implantation of a bovine pericardialpatch, the numbers of ephrin-B2+ and CD34+ cells increasedsignificantly; however, the test results for CD68, alpha- actin and von Willebrand factor were negative. There wasa monolayer of cells in the inner luminal surface five daysafter implantation of a porcine pericardial patch. In contrast,ephrin-B2+ or CD34+ cells did not appear in the control group.On the postoperative 30th day, there were ephrin-B2+ andCD34+ cells in the two types of patches. Conclusion: Ephrin-B2+ and CD34+ cells began toinfiltrate pericardial patches soon after implantation. Thepatches which allow endothelialization during arterialremodeling are potentially applicable to tissue plasty andangioplasty.

PDF

___

1. Langer R, Tirrell DA. Designing materials for biology and medicine. Nature 2004;428:487-92.
2. Jaganathan SK, Supriyanto E, Murugesan S, Balaji A, Asokan MK. Biomaterials in cardiovascular research: applications and clinical implications. Biomed Res Int 2014;2014:459465.
3. Muto A, Nishibe T, Dardik H, Dardik A. Patches for carotid artery endarterectomy: current materials and prospects. J Vasc Surg 2009;50:206-13.
4. Williams C, Xie AW, Emani S, Yamato M, Okano T, Emani SM, et al. A comparison of human smooth muscle and mesenchymal stem cells as potential cell sources for tissue-engineered vascular patches. Tissue Eng Part A 2012;18:986-98.
5. Park JW, Leithäuser B, Rittger H, Brachmann J. Treatment strategies for prevention of cardioembolic stroke in atrial fibrillation. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2010;46:251-64.
6. Rustinart GJ. Multiple aneurysms of the right coronary artery; death from a ruptured aneurysm of the abdominal aorta. J Am Med Assoc 1952;149:1129-31.
7. Li X, Guo Y, Ziegler KR, Model LS, Eghbalieh SD, Brenes RA, et al. Current usage and future directions for the bovine pericardial patch. Ann Vasc Surg 2011;25:561-8.
8. Goldman KA, Su WT, Riles TS, Adelman MA, Landis R. A comparative study of saphenous vein, internal jugular vein, and knitted Dacron patches for carotid artery endarterectomy. Ann Vasc Surg 1995;9:71-9.
9. Li X, Jadlowiec C, Guo Y, Protack CD, Ziegler KR, Lv W, et al. Pericardial patch angioplasty heals via an Ephrin-B2 and CD34 positive cell mediated mechanism. PLoS One 2012;7:38844.
10. Luo J, Korossis SA, Wilshaw SP, Jennings LM, Fisher J, Ingham E. Development and characterization of acellular porcine pulmonary valve scaffolds for tissue engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2014;20:2963-74.
11. Boldt J, Lutter G, Pohanke J, Fischer G, Schoettler J, Cremer J, et al. Percutaneous tissue-engineered pulmonary valved stent implantation: comparison of bone marrow-derived CD133+-cells and cells obtained from carotid artery. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2013;19:363-74.
12. Bond R, Rerkasem K, Naylor AR, Aburahma AF, Rothwell PM. Systematic review of randomized controlled trials of patch angioplasty versus primary closure and different types of patch materials during carotid endarterectomy. J Vasc Surg 2004;40:1126-35.
13. Inoue T, Croce K, Morooka T, Sakuma M, Node K, Simon DI. Vascular inflammation and repair: implications for re-endothelialization, restenosis, and stent thrombosis. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2011;4:1057-66.
14. Bai H, Kuwahara G, Wang M, Brownson KE, Foster TR, Yamamoto K, et al. Pretreatment of pericardial patches with antibiotics does not alter patch healing in vivo. J Vasc Surg 2014;pii:S0741-5214(14)01862-X.
15. Strange G, Brizard C, Karl TR, Neethling L. An evaluation of Admedus tissue engineering process-treated (ADAPT) bovine pericardium patch (CardioCel) for the repair of cardiac and vascular defects. Expert Rev Med Devices 2015;12:135-41.
16. Gale NW, Holland SJ, Valenzuela DM, Flenniken A, Pan L, Ryan TE, et al. Eph receptors and ligands comprise two major specificity subclasses and are reciprocally compartmentalized during embryogenesis. Neuron 1996;17:9-19.
17. Swift MR, Weinstein BM. Arterial-venous specification during development. Circ Res 2009;104:576-88.
18. Kuijper S, Turner CJ, Adams RH. Regulation of angiogenesis by Eph-ephrin interactions. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2007;17:145-51.
19. Rockman CB, Halm EA, Wang JJ, Chassin MR, Tuhrim S, Formisano P, et al. Primary closure of the carotid artery is associated with poorer outcomes during carotid endarterectomy. J Vasc Surg 2005;42:870-7.
20. Hristov M, Weber C. Endothelial progenitor cells in vascular repair and remodeling. Pharmacol Res 2008;58:148-51.
21. Burt RK, Testori A, Oyama Y, Rodriguez HE, Yaung K, Villa M, et al. Autologous peripheral blood CD133+ cell implantation for limb salvage in patients with critical limb ischemia. Bone Marrow Transplant 2010;45:111-6.
22. Hristov M, Weber C. Endothelial progenitor cells: characterization, pathophysiology, and possible clinical relevance. J Cell Mol Med 2004;8:498-508.
23. Si TG. The experimental study of relation between sex hormone and restenosis after angioplasty. [Doctoral dissertation], Tianjin: Tianjin Medical University; 2003.
24. Lee JM, Choe W, Kim BK, Seo WW, Lim WH, Kang CK, et al. Comparison of endothelialization and neointimal formation with stents coated with antibodies against CD34 and vascular endothelial-cadherin. Biomaterials 2012;33:8917-27.
25. Ederle J, Dobson J, Featherstone RL, Bonati LH, van der Worp HB, de Borst GJ, et al. Carotid artery stenting compared with endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis (International Carotid Stenting Study): an interim analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2010;375:985-97.