Ramazan OKUDUM, Mehmet ŞEREMET, Faruk ALAEDDİNOĞLU

Organik tarım üzerinde konvansiyonelleşme ve kırsal kalkınma tartışmaları

Küresel iklim değişikliğinin en somut sonuçlarından biri olan kuraklığın, geleceğin tarım anlayışınıköklü bir şekilde değiştireceği açıktır. Kuraklığa dayanıklı ve girdi maliyeti düşük olan ürünlerdaha yaygın yetiştirilecektir. Dolayısıyla organik tarım uygulamaları ve bu konuda geliştirilen politikalarınönemi giderek artacaktır. Bununla birlikte organik tarımın ortaya çıkışı konvansiyoneltarımın felsefesine bir karşı çıkıştır. Organik tarımda konvansiyonelleşme tartışmaları 1990’lardanberi devam etmektedir. Aynı şekilde organik tarımda konvansiyonelleşme tartışmalarınınbundan sonra da artacağı düşünülmektedir. Konvansiyonelleşme sürecinde organik üreticilerintemel motivasyonu kârı maksimize etmektir. Böylece bu sürecin kırsal kalkınmaya katkı sağlamasıbeklenmektedir. Dahası küresel göçü azaltabilmenin alternatiflerinden birisi de değişenküresel dinamiklere uyumlu kırsal kalkınma stratejilerinin izlenmesidir. Bu bağlamda araştırmanınamacı, organik tarım sektöründe yoğun bir şekilde tartışılan konvansiyonelleşme ve kırsalkalkınma argümanlarının nasıl irdelendiğini ortaya koymaktır. Teorik tartışmalardan oluşan buaraştırmada ortaya konan bazı sonuçlar bulunmaktadır. Bunların başında organik tarımda konvansiyonelleşmeve kırsal kalkınma olguları arasında derin bir bağlantının olduğu sonucu ortayaçıkmıştır. Konvansiyonelleşme kriterleri kırsal kalkınmayı tesis etmede önemli argümanlardanbiridir. Bu çalışma organik tarım ekseninde kırsal kalkınma ve konvansiyonelleşme argümanlarınıbirbiriyle ilişkilendiren ilk araştırma olmasından dolayı literatürde önemli bir boşluğu doldurmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Organik tarım, konvansiyonelleşme, kırsal kalkınma.

Conventionalization and rural development critics on organic farming ıssues

Drought, as an unavoidable result of global climate change, will undoubtedly have a negativeimpact on farming in the future. Drought-resistant and low-cost products will be commonlygrown in the future. As a result, the importance of organic farming practices and policies willgrow significantly over time. Indeed, emergence of organic farming is an objection to thephilosophy of conventional farming. Conventionalisation critics in organic farming have continuedsince the 1990s. Similarly, conventionalization critics in organic farming are expectedto increase in the future. The basic motivation of organic farmers in the conventionalizationprocess is to maximize their profits. So, this process also contributes to rural development.Furthermore, one option for reducing international human migration is to pursue rural developmentstrategies that are compatible with ever-changing global dynamics. In this sense,the purpose of this study is to understand how conventionalization and rural developmentarguments are examined. According to theoretical critics, this study addresses a few issues.In organic farming, there is a strong link between conventionalization and rural developmentphenomena. Furthermore, conventionalization criteria are critical arguments for bolsteringrural development. The research fills literature gap in view that it creates a leader perspectiveattaching conventionalization and rural development to the organic farming axis.

Keywords:

Organic agriculture, conventionalisation, rural development.,

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