MEHMET İLKİN NAHARCI, Necmettin KOÇAK, Hüseyin DORUK

Yaşlıda osteoporoz

Osteoporoz sıklıkla 65 yaş üstü bireyleri etkileyen, kırıklara yol açması nedeniyle hastanın işlevsel durumunu bozan, yaşam kalitesini azaltan, ölüm oranını ve tedavi maliyetini artıran bir hastalıktır. Yaşlıda tanı ve kırık riskini değerlendirmede dual energy X-ray absorbtiometry (DEXA) ile vertebranın lateral çekimi veya proksimal femurun görüntülenmesi altın standart yöntemlerdir. Fizik muayene düşme risk faktörlerinin değerlendirilmesinde, laboratuar yöntemleri ise sekonder osteoporoz teşhisinde kullanılmaktadır. Egzersiz programları, kalsiyum ve vitamin D desteği kas kuvveti ve dengeyi artırarak düşmeyi önlemede faydalıdır. Yaşlılarda anti-osteoporotik ilaçlardan aleandronat, risedronat ve stronsiyum ranelatın hem kalça hemde vertebra kırığını önleme etkinlikleri bulunmaktadır. Yaşlıda osteoporozun erken teşhisi ve tedavisi amacıyla belirli aralıklarla rutin sağlık muayenelerinin yapılmasının önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bireyin rutin kontrolleri için geldiği muayenede, sağlık eğitimi kapsamında osteoporozun oluşmasını engellemeye, oluşmuşsa ilerlemesini durdurmaya ve düşmeyi önlemeye yönelik yapılması gerekenlerin kişiye bildirilmesinin yararlı olacağı değerlendirilmektedir.

Osteoporosis in elderly

Osteoporosis is a disorder that affects commonly the people above 65 years, impairs the functional status, decreases the life quality, and increases mortality and cost. Lateral screening of vertebra or displaying of proximal femur with DEXA is gold standard method for the evaluation of diagnosis and fracture risk in elderly subjects. Physical examination for the analysis of risk factors of falling and laboratory methods for the diagnosis of secondary osteporosis were used. While increasing muscle strength and balance, exercise programs, calcium and vitamin D supplement are helpful in the prevention of falling. As anti-osteoporotic drugs, aleandronat, risedronat, and strontium ranelat have anti-fracture efficiencies for both hip and vertebra fracture. It is considered that the making of periodically routine health examination is important for early diagnosis and treatment in elderly people. In routine examination of elderly subject, it would be helpful that declaring of actions to be done for the prevention of osteoporosis development, if occured, the stopping of progression, and the prevention of falling as part of health training.

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