Sosyoekonomik durum ve kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı

Eğitim ve gelir düzeyi ile belirlenen sosyoekonomik durumun (SED) bazı hastalıkların mortalitesi ile ilişkili olduğu uzun zamandır bilinmektedir. Gelişmiş ülkelerde yapılan çalışmaların çoğunda SED’nin akciğer fonksiyonları ve KOAH atağı, prevalansı ve mortalitesi ile bağlantılı olduğu öne sürülmüştür. Sosyoekonomik dezavantajlar, KOAH için diğer faktörlerden bağımsız bir risk faktörüdür. Düşük SED’nin solunum sistemine etkisi, genelde, kötü ev ortamı, daha tehlikeli mesleksel maruziyet, kötü beslenme, sigara kullanımının daha fazla olması ve çocukluk çağı solunum enfeksiyonlarına bağlanmaktadır. SED ile akciğer fonksiyonları arasında anlamlı bir negatif korelasyon olduğu bulunmuştur. Çocukluk dönemindeki SED’nin, erişkin çağdaki akciğer fonksiyonları üzerine etkisi olabilmektedir. Çocukluk döneminde SED’i kötü olanların akciğer fonksiyonları daha hızlı ve daha erken düşmektedir. Düşük SED’li KOAH’lıların hastane başvurularının, yüksek SED’li olanlardan daha fazla olduğu bildirilmiştir. Ülkemizde SED ve KOAH arasındaki ilişki hakkında yeterli veri bulunmamaktadır.

Socioeconomic status and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Socioeconomic status (SES) measured by educational and income levels has long been known to be associated with mortality from some diseases. Many studies from developed countries suggested that SES is associated with lung function and COPD exacerbation, prevalence and mortality. Socioeconomic disadvantage is an independent risk factor for COPD. The impact of low SES on respiratory disease in general has been attributed to poorer housing, more hazardous occupational exposure, poorer diet, a higher prevalence of smoking and respiratory infections in childhood. It was found that there was a significant negative correlation between lung function and SES. Childhood SES may influence pulmonary function in adulthood. Pulmonary functions decline earlier and faster for individual with lower childhood SES. It was reported that hospital admission rates for COPD in low SES group were higher than in the high SES group. There was not adequate data about relationship between SES and COPD in our country.

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