Neslihan ŞENGÜL, Osman YILDIRIM, Nilgün HALLORAN, Şeyda ÇAVUŞOĞLU, Evran DOĞAN

7330

Yield and Fruit Quality Response of Drip-Irrigated Melon to the Duration of Irrigation Season

A field study was conducted in Ankara, a semi-arid region of Central Anatolia, Turkey. Yuva and Cantaloupe Sally F1 melon cultivars (Cucumis melo L.) were irrigated by drip method from transplanting to the beginning of the flowering (If), fruit set (Ifs), ripening (Ir), and harvest (Ih), and included a non-irrigated treatment (I0). Growth, yield, and fruit quality parameters in response to the duration of irrigation season were determined. The number of shoots and female flowers per plant, shoot length, and titratable acidity in Cantaloupe were lower than in Yuva, while similar total soluble solids content of fruit flesh was obtained in both cultivars. Irrigation application provided for an increase in the fruit number per plant, fruit size, fruit weight, and yield, and resulted in a decrease in total soluble solids and the ratings of sensory characteristics compared with non irrigated treatments in both cultivars, but these increases and decreases in the above parameters could not be correlated with the increase in the duration of the irrigation season, hence the amount of seasonal irrigation water. The highest yields were obtained in Ir treatment in Yuva and in Ir and Ih treatments in Cantaloupe. Continuing irrigation during fruit ripening furthered shoot growth in both cultivars, did not affect yield in Cantaloupe, and remarkably reduced yield in Yuva. Irrigation from the stage of transplanting until the beginning of fruit ripening was suggested as well for both cultivars with regard to considerably high yield and high fruit quality. In this irrigation program, irrigation water amounts of 388.3-441.4 mm were applied, seasonal evapotranspiration of 499.0-587.1 mm was found, and a yield per plant of 6105-6206 g in Yuva and 7533-7878 g in Cantaloupe was obtained.
Anahtar Kelimeler:

Cantaloupe, drip irrigation, fruit quality, yield, Yuva, Kantalop, damla sulama, meyve kalitesi, verim, Yuva

Büyüme Mevsimi Boyunca Damla Yöntemiyle Sulanan Kavunun Verim ve Meyve Kalitesine Tepkisi

Tarla denemeleri yarı-kurak Orta Anadolu koşullarında Ankara, Türkiye'de yürütülmüştür. Sulanmayan parsellerin (I0) yanı sıra Yuva ve Kantalop tipi Sally F1 çeşidi kavunlar (Cucumis melo L.), dikimden itibaren çiçeklenme başlangıcına (If), meyve oluşumu başlangıcına (Ifs), olgunlaşma başlangıcına (Ir) ve hasata (Ih) kadar damla sulama yöntemiyle sulanmıştır. Sulama sezonu boyunca, vejetatif ve generatif gelişme, verim ve meyve kalitesi parametreleri belirlenmiştir. Kantalop çeşidinde, bitki başına dişi çiçek ve sürgün sayısı, sürgün uzunluğu ve titrasyon asitliği değerleri Yuva çeşidinden daha düşük, suda çözünebilir toplam kuru madde miktarları ise her iki çeşitte benzer olmuştur. Sulama uygulamaları, bitki başına meyve sayısı, meyve büyüklüğü, meyve ağırlığı ve verimi arttırmış, sulanmayan uygulama ile kıyaslandığında kuru madde ve tat puanı değerlerini düşürmüştür. En yüksek verim Yuva çeşidinde olgunlaşma başlangıcına kadar sulama suyu uygulamasından, Kantalop çeşidinde ise olgunlaşma başlangıcı ve hasata kadar su uygulanan parsellerden elde edilmiştir. Sulamaya olgunlaşma periyodunda (Ir) devam edilmesi her iki çeşitte sürgün büyümesini ilerletmiş, Kantalop çeşidinde verimi etkilememiş, Yuva çeşidinde ise verimi nispeten düşürmüştür. Yüksek verim ve kalite için her iki çeşitte de sulamanın olgunlaşma başlangıcına (Ir) kadar sürdürülmesi tavsiye edilmektedir. Bu sulama programında, uygulanan sulama suyu miktarı 388.3-441.4 mm, mevsimlik bitki su tüketimi 499.0-587.1 mm ve bitki başına meyve verimi Yuva çeşidinde 6105-6206 g, Kantalop çeşidinde ise 7533- 7878 g olarak elde edilmiştir.
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Toprak Su Dergisi-Cover
  • ISSN: 2146-7072
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 2 Sayı
  • Yayıncı: Toprak Gübre ve Su Kaynakları Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü
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