Topraktan ve Yapraktan Azot ve Çinko Uygulamalarının Buğdayda Tane Çinko ve Demir Konsantrasyonları Üzerine Etkisi

Bu çalışmada, ekmeklik buğdaya (Triticum aestivum cv. Adana 99) topraktan ve yapraktan azot ve çinko uygulamalarının tanenin azot (N), çinko (Zn), demir (Fe) konsantrasyonu ve verimi üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Söz konusu çalışma sera koşullarında, tesadüf parsellerinde 4 faktörlü faktöriyel deneme deseninde yürütülmüştür. Topraktan uygulamada iki farklı çinko dozu (0.1 ve 1 mg kg-1) ve iki farklı azot dozu (200 ve 500 mg kg-1) kullanılırken, yapraktan uygulamalarda çinkosuz (-Zn) ve çinkolu (+ Zn, 0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O) koşullarda %0, %0.1, %0.5 ve %1’lik üre çözeltileri kullanılmıştır. Yapraktan yapılan uygulamalarda yalnızca bayrak yaprağı ilgili çözeltilere daldırılmış ve toplam 25 sn bekletilmiştir. Yaprak uygulamaları birer gün arayla 6 kez yinelenmiştir. Bitkiler tane olgunluğuna ulaştıktan sonra hasat edilmiştir. Hasat sonucu elde edilen tanelerde N, Zn ve Fe analizleri yapılmıştır. Yapılan istatistiksel analizler sonucunda, ortalamalar bazında, topraktan N uygulaması, tane Zn konsantrasyonunu %29, topraktan Zn uygulaması %40 oranında arttırmıştır. Yapraktan Zn uygulaması, tane Zn konsantrasyonunu %33 oranında arttırırken, yapraktan üre uygulaması ise düşük düzeyde artış sağlamıştır. Topraktan N uygulaması, tane Fe konsantrasyonunu %26 arttırmış, topraktan Zn uygulaması ise %28 oranında azaltmıştır. Yapraktan Zn uygulaması tane Fe konsantrasyonunda %6’lık artış sağlamıştır. Yapraktan üre uygulaması tane Fe konsantrasyonu üzerinde önemli bir etki yapmamıştır. Genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde, elde edilen bulgular, bitkinin N ve Zn beslenmesinin, tanenin Zn ve Fe konsantrasyonu üzerinde önemli bir unsur olduğunu göstermektedir. Bitki için ortama yeterince Zn sağlandığı zaman, hem topraktan hem de yapraktan azot uygulaması ile tanenin Zn içeriği artmıştır. Sonuç olarak, yeterli Zn dozu ile yüksek N dozu uygulamasının Zn ve Fe’in alınımı ve remobilize olmasına katkısı olmuştur.

Effects of Soil and Foliar Nitrogen and Zinc Treatments on Wheat Grain Zinc and Iron Concentrations

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of foliar and soil nitrogen (N) and zinc (Zn) treatmentsof bread wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Adana 99) on grain nitrogen (N), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) concentrationsand yields. This study was carried out in 4-factorial trial random plot design under greenhouse. Two different zinc (0.1 and 1 mg kg-1) and nitrogen doses (200 and 500 mg kg-1) were applied to the soil and0%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1% urea solutions were foliarly applied to zinc-free (-Zn) and zinc containing (+ Zn,0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O) conditions. For foliar applications, only the flag leaf was immersed 25 seconds intosolution. Immersion of the leaves in the solutions was repeated 6 times with a single day intervals. Plantswere harvested after grains matured and grain samples were analysed for N, Zn and Fe concentrations.Statistical analysis showed that average grain Zn concentration was increased 29% with soil appliedN and increased 40% with soil applied Zn. Foliar applied Zn increased grain Zn concentration 33%while foliar applied urea resulted with low increases at that value. Soil applied N increased grain Feconcentration 26% whereas soil applied Zn reduced Fe concentration 28%. Foliar applied Zn resultedwith 6% increase in grain Fe concentrations. Foliar urea application was not effective on grain Feconcentrations. Results revealed in general that N and Zn-nutrition had significant effect on grain Znand Fe concentrations. When the plants were supplied with sufficient Zn, both soil and foliar nitrogentreatments increased grain Zn concentrations. It was concluded that sufficient Zn and high N ratespromoted Zn and Fe uptake and also their re-mobilization from the vegetative tissues into grains.

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Toprak Su Dergisi-Cover
  • ISSN: 2146-7072
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 2 Sayı
  • Yayıncı: Toprak Gübre ve Su Kaynakları Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü
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