Mücahit Taha ÖZKAYA, Erkan ERGÜLEN, Nejat ÖZİLBEY, Salih ÜLGER

Genetic and biologic characterization of some olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars grown in turkey

Anadolu'da yetiştiriciliği yapılan bir çok zeytin (0lea europaea L.) çeşidi bulunduğu halde bunların morfolojik ve biyolojik özellikleri henüz tam olarak belirlenmiş değildir. Bunlardan çok az bir kısmının özellikleri belirlenmiş olduğu halde, bunların da içlerinde genotipik veya fenotipik nedenlere bağlı varyasyonların olduğu gözlenmektedir. RAPD-PCR tekniği ile genetik farklılıkların belirlenmesi üzerine yapılan bu çalışmada izmir-Bornova Zeytincilik Araştırma Enstitüsü, Kolleksiyon Bahçesinden elde edilen 10 zeytin çeşidi (Ayvalık, Derik Halhali, Domat, Gemlik, Kilis Yağlıik, Manzanilla, Memecik, Nizip Yağlık, Sarı Ulak and Tavşan Yüreği) kullanılmıştır. Diğer yandan elde edilen verileri destekleyebilmek amacıyla pomolojik ve biyokimyasal gözlem ve analizler de yapılmıştır. Mevcut çeşitler arasında, Derik Halhali genetik ve biyokimyasal olarak en farklı sonuçlar gösteren çeşit olmuştur.

Türkiye'de yetiştirilen bazı zeytin çeşitlerinin genetik ve biyolojik özelliklerinin karşılaştırılması

There are many olive (Olea europaea L.) varieties grown in Anatolia, which have not been characterized (morphologic and biologic characteristics), yet. Some of them that have been identified by morphologic and biological characteristics, but still have discriminate some variations due to unknown genotypic or phenotypic causes. Genetic diversity studies using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique were carried out in a set of 10 olive cultivars (Ayvalik, Derik Halhali, Domat, Gemlik, Kilis Yaglik, Manzanilla, Memecik, Nizip Yaglik, Sari Ulak and Tavsan Yüreği) from the Turkish Olive Germplasm Bank of the Olive Research Institute in Izmir, Turkey. Analysis of PCR products was achieved by using the simple matching coefficient and UPGMA clustering. Primers were identified and used in combination to discriminate between different varieties. The diversity of RAPD patterns demonstrated the biodiversity among varieties. Also some pomological and biochemical analysis were done in order to support the results of the genetic variability. Among cultivars, Derik Halhali showed the big differences, according to the genetic and biochemical results.

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