Engin Gökhan KULAN, Ahmet GÜMÜŞÇÜ, Gönül GÜMÜŞÇÜ, Mustafa Demir KAYA

Factors Affecting Germination Performance of Four Endemic Sideritis Species in Turkey

Sideritis cinsi özellikle Akdeniz ve Ege Bölgesi gibi Türkiyenin ılıman ve subtropik bölgelerinde bulunan ve yaygın olarak çay ve baharat olarak kullanılan bitkilerdir. Sideritis türlerinin tohumlarında çimlenme problemleri görülmekte ve bu durum tarımını sınırlandırmaktadır. Bu çalışma, taze, 1 ve 2 yıl depolanmış 4 endemik Sideritis türündeki (Sideritis condensata, S. libanotica ssp. linearis, S. leptoclada and S. tmolea) çimlenme problemlerini gidermek amacıyla tohum uygulamalarının (hidrasyon, gibberellik asit (GA3) ve ön üşütme kombinasyonları) etkinliğini belirlemek amacıyla çimlenme yüzdesi ve ortalama çimlenme süreleri değerlendirilerek yürütülmüştür. Türlerin çimlenme yüzdesi % 28.5- % 77.0 arasında değişim göstermiştir. En düşük çimlenme oranı ve en yüksek ortalama çimlenme süresi (11.9 gün)libanotica ssp. linearis türünün taze tohumlarında belirlenmiştir. Çimlenme yüzdesinde artış ve ortalama çimlenme süresinde kısalma 200 mg L-1 GA3 uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. Depolama süresi Sideritis türlerinin çimlenmesini etkilememiştir. Ön üşütme ise incelenen türlerin tohumlarının çimlenmesi için gerekli bulunmamıştır. Sonuç olarak, tohum yaşına bağlı olmaksızın, GA3 uygulamasının endemik Sideritis türlerinin çimlenmesini artırmada etkili bir şekilde kullanılabilecek bir yöntem olduğu belirlenmiştir. S.

Türkiye nin Dört Endemik Sideritis Türünde Çimlenme Performansını Etkileyen Faktörler

The genus Sideritis is an indigenous plant to temperate and subtropical regions of Turkey, especially for Mediterranean and Aegean region, and is extensively used as herbal tea and spice. The seeds of Sideritis species have a difficulty in germination, which limits their cultivation. This study was conducted to evaluate the germination performance4 endemic Sideritis species (Sideritis condensata, S. libanotica ssp. linearis, S. leptoclada and S. tmolea) harvested freshly or stored for 1 and 2 years in terms of germination percentage and mean germination time and to determinesuitability of seed treatments (Hydration and gibberellic acid (GA3) application, and their combination with pre-chilling) for overcoming germination difficulty in the species. Germination percentages of these species ranged from 28.5%77.0%. The lowest germination rate and the highest mean germination time (11.9 day) were determined in S. libanotica ssp. linearis in fresh seeds. Improved germination and shortened mean germination time were achieved using 200 mg L-1 GA3 application. Seed storage did not influence the germination of the Sideritis species. It was found that pre-chilling did not prerequisite for germination of the species. It was concluded that GA3 treatment should effectively be used asmethod for improving germination of endemic Sideritis species regardless of seed age. of the to a

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