Saad AL-DEEN, M. Amen ERGECH, Hussein Th. TAHİR

Dört Tekerleği Muharrik Traktör ile Çekilen İki Farklı Kulaklı Pulluğun Performanslarının FEM ile Karşılaştırmalı Olarak Belirlenmesi

Silindirik formda bir kulaklı pulluk model ve tasarımı için teorik bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada dizayn edilen pulluk ile tip 113 pulluğunun performansları iki farklı toprak derinliğinde 15-20 ve 20-25 cm ve üç farklı hız kademesinde 4.4, 6,9 km/h karşılaştırmalı olarak yapılmıştır. Çalışmada ele alınan dizayn parametreleri; çeki kuvveti, von misses stresi, eğilme momenti sonlu elemanlar yöntemi FEM ile analiz edilmiştir. Ele alınan bazı toprak göstergeleri; pulluk izi, eğim derecesi, pulluk yüzey ve açısıdır. Tesadüfi deneme blokları kullanılarak elde edilen veriler istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Dizayn edilen kulaklı pulluğun tüm dizayn göstergelerinde çeki kuvveti, von misses stresi ve eğilme momenti bakımından, 113 tip pulluktan daha az olmak suretiyle daha iyi performans gösterdiği bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar, ilerleme hızı arttıkça çeki kuvveti, von misses stresi ve eğilme momentinin arttığını göstermiştir. Aynı şekilde artan toprak işleme derinliklerinde çeki kuvveti, von misses stresi ve eğilme momentinin de arttığı görülmüştür. En iyi performans ise 15-20 cm toprak derinliğinde 9 km/h ilerleme hızında elde edilmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kulaklı pulluk dizaynı, çeki kuvveti, sonlu elemanlar yöntemi FEM, eğilme momenti

Comparative Analyses of the 4WD Tractor Performance with Two Different Mouldboard Plow Bottoms by Using FEM

A theoretical work was performed to model and design the bottom of a cylindroidal type mouldboard plow. The aim of the work was to compare and evaluate the performance of the two different types of mouldboard plow designed and type 113 in two soil depths 15-20 and 20-25 cm and three forward speeds 4.4, 6, 9 km/h . Some design indicators involved in the study; draft force, von mises stress and bending moment which were analyzed with using a finite element methods FEM . Some soil indicators involved; plowing appearance, the degree of tilth, the evens of the plowing surface and the angle of inclination. The data were then analyzed statistically with using randomized complete block design for all indicators and characteristics. Designed mouldboard plow was found to be significantly superlative over the 113 mouldboard plow with all design indicators since the draft force, von mises stress and bending moment were less. The results showed draft force, von mises stress and bending moment increased by increasing forward speed with a constant depth, and also showed the draft force, von mises stress and bending moment increased by increasing the depth with a constant speed for both plows in the theoretical and experimental results. Best performance results were obtained in 15-20 cm soil depth with 9 km/h forward speed

Keywords:

Mouldboard plow design, draft force, finite element methods FEM, bending moment,

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