Güneydoğu Anadolu’da Kral Midas

Frig Kralı Midas, onu inanılmaz ölçüde zengin, açgözlü ve biraz daaptalca bir doğulu monark imajında sunan Yunan mitolojisi aracılığıylamodern bilince girmiştir. Apollo’nun ona verdiği cezadan dolayı eşekkulaklıolması yanı sıra1 öncelikle “altın dokunuşu”u2 ile hatırlanmaktadır. Bununlabirlikte, Kral II. Sargon’un Asurca belgeleri keşfedildiğinden beri, Yunanedebi kaynaklarındaki Midas’la, Muşki’li Kral Mita’nın özdeşliği kabulgörmektedir (Winckler 1898). Hala bunu kabul etmeyen uzmanlar olduğuhalde (örn. Laminger-Pascher 1989, 24), Friglerle Muşkilerin özdeşliğiböylelikle sağlanmıştır. Kral Midas’ın tarihsel gerçekliği, Eski Frigçeyazıtlarda adı bulunduğunda çok daha güçlü hale gelmiştir (Brixhe veLejeune 1984, M-01a). Özelde Frigya, genelde Anadolu arkeolojisiçalışmalarındaki gelişme, Frig krallığının politik gücünü ve hem doğuYunan dünyasındaki hem de Anadolulu komşuları üzerindeki etkisinidoğrulamaktadır. Tarihsel Midas’ın Yunan edebi metinlerinde nasıl efsanevive mitolojik bir karaktere dönüştüğü ve Yunan metinlerinin Frig gerçeğinine kadar yansıttığı tam olarak cevaplandırılamamış sorulardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Güneydoğu Anadolu, Kral Midas, Tarih

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