Tamamlayıcı Beslenmede Potansiyel Alerjik Besinlere Başlama Zamanı ve Besin Alerjileri

İnfantın anne sütü dışındaki besinleri tüketmeye başladığı tamamlayıcı beslenme döneminde potansiyel alerjik besinlerin erken tüketimi oral toleransı indükleyerek besin alerjisi riskini azaltabilir. İnek sütü, yumurta, yer fıstığı ve balık kılavuzlarda yer alan ve öneri geliştirilen potansiyel olarak alerjik besinlerdendir. Ayrıca tamamlayıcı beslenmede glutene başlanması konusunda da öneri mevcuttur. Günümüzde potansiyel olarak alerjiye neden olabilecek besinlerin başlanma zamanı, artan besin alerjisi prevalanslarına paralel olarak değişiklik göstermiştir. Özellikle alerji riski yüksek olan infantlarda, bu besinlere başlama zamanı ile ilgili çeşitli kılavuz önerileri mevcuttur. Bu kılavuzlara göre tamamlayıcı beslenmede yumurta ve yer fıstığına 6. ayda başlanması besin alerjisi riskini azaltmaktadır. Ancak erken dönemde inek sütü ve balık tüketiminin alerji riski üzerinde anlamlı etkisi yoktur. Tahılların içerisinde en fazla buğdaydan üretilen besinler tüketilmektedir. Buğdayda bulunan gluten proteinine erken ya da geç başlanması ise çocukluk çağındaki çölyak prevalansını etkilememektedir. Bu konuda tamamlayıcı beslenmede daha geç tüketilmesi önerilen besinin neden olabileceği olumsuz sonuçlar dikkate alınarak öneri verilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bebek gıdası, Alerjenler, Besin aşırı duyarlılığı, Atopik, Büyüme ve gelişme

Time to Start Potentially Allergic Foods in Complementary Feeding and Food Allergies

Early exposure to potentially allergenic foods during the complementary feeding period, when the infant begins to consume foods other than breast milk, may reduce the risk of food allergy by inducing oral tolerance. Cow's milk, egg, peanut and fish are among the potentially allergenic foods included in guidelines and recommendations. There is also a recommendation for the introduction of gluten in complementary feeding. Nowadays, the timing of the introduction of potentially allergenic foods has changed in parallel with the increasing prevalence of food allergy. There are various guidelines regarding the timing of introduction of these foods, especially in infants at high risk of allergy. According to these guidelines, the introduction of egg and peanut in complementary feeding at 6 months of age reduces the risk of food allergy. However, cow's milk and fish have no significant effect on the risk of allergy. Among cereals, foods made from wheat are most commonly consumed. Early or late introduction of gluten protein in wheat does not affect the prevalence of celiac disease in childhood. Recommendations on this subject should be made taking into account the negative consequences that may be caused by the food recommended for later consumption in the complementary feeding.

Keywords:

Infant food, Allergens, Food Hypersensitivity, Atopic, Growth & development,

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