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AĞRI FİZYOPATOLOJİSİ

Ağrı, insanların hayatlarına rahatsızlık vermekle beraber aslında vücudun verdiği korumaya yönelik bir sinyaldir. Ağrı fizyolojisindeki süreç nosiseptör adı verilen özelleşmiş reseptörlerin ağrı oluşturabilecek uyaran tarafından aktive olması ile başlar. Aδ lifleri hızlı; C lifleri ise yavaş ağrı uyarısını taşıyarak kortekste duygusal ve bilişsel ağrı oluşumundan sorumlu bölgelerle buluşuncaya kadar ağrı algısı gerçekleşmez. Ağrı sınıflandırılmasında bulunan ve önemli hastalık popülasyonunu oluşturan nöropatik ağrılar ise periferik veya merkezi sinir sisteminin hasarı veya işlev bozukluğunda ortaya çıkar. Ağrı sıklıkla yanıcı, keskin karakterlidir ve bazen elektrik çarpması şeklinde tarif edilir. Kimi zaman uyarı varlığından bahsetmeden oluşan ağrıda bellek kavramını bilmek gerekir. Ağrı belleğimizin çalışması, reseptörlerce değişimler sonucu gerçekleşmektedir. Son zamanlarda ağrıda rol alan fizyolojik ve kimyasal mekanizmaların anlaşılması ile ağrı tedavisinde önemli gelişmeler sağlanmıştır. Yeni tedavilere yol açacak olan reseptör ve transmitter ilişkisini tanımlamak araştırmacılar adına önem taşımaktadır. Ağrı fizyopatolojisi hakkındaki bilgilerimizi geliştirerek yenilemek, klinik ve araştırma sahasında gelişen teknolojik unsurlarla insanoğlunun yaşam kalitesini arttırıcı, etkin ve güvenilir tedaviler sunulmasında temel oluşturabilir.

PAIN PHYSIOPATHOLOGY

Pain is a signal to the protection given by the body, in fact giving people uncomfortable lives. The process in pain physiology begins with the activation of specific receptors, called nociceptors, by stimuli, which can cause pain. Aδ fibers are fast; C fibers carry a slow pain stimulus and the sensation of pain does not occur until the cortex is responsible for the formation of emotional and cognitive pain. Neuropathic pain, which is present in the classification of pain and constitutes an important disease population, occurs in the damage or dysfunction of the peripheral or central nervous system. Pain is often flammable, sharp, and sometimes it describe as electrical shock. Sometimes it is necessary to know the concept of memory in the pain that occurs without mentioning the presence of the stimuling. The work of our pain memory is the result of changes in receptors. Recent understanding of the physiological and chemical mechanisms involved in pain has made significant improvements in pain management It is important for researchers to identify the receptor and transmitter relationship that will lead to new treatments. Improving and refining our knowledge about pain physiopathology can be a basis for presenting effective and reliable treatments that increase the quality of life of human beings with the technological elements that develop in clinical and research.

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