Diyet Yağlarının Alzheimer Hastalığı Patolojisi Üzerine Potansiyel Koruyucu Etkileri

Alzheimer hastalığı ilerleyici hafıza kaybı tablosuyla karakterize nörodejeneratif bir hastalıktır. Öz bakım becerilerinde, bilişsel işlevlerinde yetersizlikler görülmektedir. Patolojik olarak amiloid plaklarla özdeşleşmiş olsalar da tau proteininin aşırı fosforillenmesi ve buna bağlı nörofibriler yumak oluşumu, nöron kaybı Alzheimer hastalığı ile birlikte görülebilmektedir. Amiloid plakların, tau proteinlerinin olumsuz etkisi, oksidatif strese yol açması, glukoz homeostazının bozulması gibi birçok nedenden kaynaklanabilmektedir. Patolojilere karşı geliştirilen tedavi yöntemleri de çeşitli olabilmektedir. Oksidatif strese karşı antioksidanlardan zengin beslenme, glukoz metabolizmasının bozulmasına karşı ketojenik diyet uygulamaları Alzheimer hastalığının diyet tedavisi içinde yer almaktadır. Orta zincirli yağ asitlerinin portal dolaşımdan hızlıca emilmeleri, β-oksidasyona ihtiyaç duymaksızın alternatif enerji kaynağı olarak kullanılabilmesini sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca uzun zincirli n-3 grubu yağ asitlerinden eikosapentaenoik asit (EPA) ve dekozahekzoenoik asit (DHA) antiinflamatuvar etkilerinden dolayı bilişsel işlevleri geliştirici etkide bulunmaktadır. Bu derlemede Alzheimer hastalığından korunmada, ilerlemesinin geciktirilmesinde ve hastalığın tedavisinde yağ asitlerinin metabolik süreçlerdeki etkileri irdelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Alzheimer hastalığı, omega 3 yağ asitleri, yağ asitleri kısa zincirli

Potential Protective Effects of Dietary Fats on The Pathogenesis of Alzheimer Disease

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive memory loss table. Self-care skills and cognitive functions are seen insufficiency. Although pathologically identified with amyloid plaques, excessive phosphorylation of the tau protein and consequent neurofibrillary tangle formation, and neuronal loss may be associated with Alzheimer's disease. Negative effects of amyloid plaques and tau proteins can result in many causes such as oxidative stress, impaired glucose homeostasis. Treatment methods developed against pathogens can also be varied. A diet rich in antioxidants against oxidative stress, ketogenic diet versus the deterioration of glucose metabolism in Alzheimer's is located in the dietary treatment of disease. Rapid absorption of medium chain fatty acids from the portal circulation ensures that they can be used as an alternative energy source without the need for β-oxidation. In addition, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and decozahexenoic acid (DHA) of long chain n-3 fatty acids have been implicated in the development of cognitive functions due to antiinflammatory effects. In this review, it has been examined that the effects of fatty acids on metabolic processes in Alzheimer's disease, delayed progression and treatment of disease.

Keywords:

Alzheimer’s disease , omega 3 fatty acids, fatty acids short-chain,

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