SIFIRDAN AKILLI BİR KENT YARATMAK ÜTOPYA MI? DİSTOPYA MI?

Son yıllarda kentlerde ortaya çıkan mekansal, çevresel, ekonomik, kültürel ve sosyal sorunlarda kamu yöneticilerinin süreci yürütme biçimi sıklıkla sorgulanmaktadır. Yukarıdan aşağıya yönetim yaklaşımlarına yönelik eleştiriler artmakta katılım sürecinin kurgusunun başarısız bir şekilde yürütüldüğü yaklaşımlar sorgulanmaktadır. Kentsel alan ve nüfus artışının farkında olan ve bu olguyu lehine çeviren yöneticiler ise başarılı sayılmaktadır. Kamu yöneticileri veya şirketler, kentlerin sosyal, kültürel, mekansal ve ekonomik rekabet düzeyini artırabilmek için farklı arayışlara girmektedir. Bu arayışlardan bir tanesi de sıfırdan bir kent inşa etmektir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden biri olan örnek durum incelemesi (case study) metodolojisi seçilmiştir. Çalışma, Güney Kore’den Songdo, Kanada’dan Sidewalk Labs, Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri’nden (BAE) Masdar, Portekiz’den PlanIT Valley, Çin ve Singapur’dan Tianjin ve Kuveyt’ten XZero City dahil altı projenin ortaya çıkışı, yenilikçi çözümleri ve proje çıktıları üzerinden kapsamlı bir şekilde değerlendirilmesi üzerine kurgulanmıştır. Ayrıca, kentlerin rekabet gücünü yükseltmede bir araç olarak görülen uygulamaların ortaya çıkardığı endişelere ve sorunlara vurgu yapılarak değerlendirmeler sunulmuştur. İncelenen örneklerden yola çıkarak genel olarak ütopik hayallerle sıfırdan yaratılan kentler uygulamada distopyaya dönüşmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Akıllı Kent, Sıfırdan Yaratılan Kentler Akıllı Kent Uygulamaları, Kentsel Politika, Smart City, Cities Created from Scratch, Smart City Applications, Urban Policy

Is it Utopia to Build a Smart City from Scratch? Is it Dystopia?

The way in which public administrators conduct the process in the spatial, environmental, economic, cultural and social problems that have arisen in cities in recent years is frequently questioned. Criticism of top-down management approaches is increasing, and approaches in which the participation process is unsuccessfully designed are questioned. Managers who are aware of the urban area and population growth and turn this phenomenon in their favor are considered successful. Public administrators or companies seek different ways to increase the social, cultural, spatial and economic competitiveness of cities. One of these quests is to build a city from scratch. In the study, the case study methodology, which is one of the qualitative research designs, was chosen. Six projects were extensively evaluated, including Songdo from South Korea, Sidewalk Labs from Canada, Masdar from the United Arab Emirates, PlanIT Valley from Portugal, Tianjin from China and Singapore, and XZero City from Kuwait. In addition, evaluations were presented by emphasizing the concerns and problems that emerged as a result of the practices. Based on the examples examined, it has been seen that creating a city from scratch with utopian dreams in general has turned into a dystopia.

Keywords:

Smart City, Cities Created from Scratch, Smart City Applications, Urban Policy,

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