Odağı Engelliliğe Değil Yapabilirliğe Yöneltmek

Bu makale, engelli bireylerin sosyal içerme ve dışlama dinamiklerini incelerken, aynı zamanda normallik, öznellik ve eşitliğin değişen anlamlarını yapabilirlik ve erişilebilirlik kavramlarına odaklanarak sorgulamaktadır. Çalışma bir yandan mutlu bir yaşama erişmeye çalışan engelli bireylerin beklentilerine ve karşılaştıkları zorluklara ışık tutarken, diğer yandan da engelli bireyleri kucaklayan daha eşitlikçi bir toplumun koşullarını irdelemektedir. Dünya genelinde, yaklaşık bir milyardan fazla insanın bir engellilik deneyimi yaşadığı tahmin edilmektedir. Bu anlamda engelli bir çok birey sosyal, fiziksel ve ekonomik alanlara erişimlerinde birçok engel, dışlanma ve damgalanma ile karşı karşıya kalmaktadırlar. Engellilik bir insan hakları meselesidir çünkü engelli bireyler temel haklarını kullanırken ihlallerle karşılaşmaktadırlar. Çalışma, çağdaş engellilik paradigmasına uygun olarak, engelliliğin bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla ele alınması gereken ilişkisel bir mesele olduğunu, çünkü engelliliğin yalnızca fiziksel bir mesele değil, aynı zamanda insanların etkileşimlerinin yanı sıra toplumsal ve kurumsal algılar nedeniyle deneyimledikleri sosyokültürel bir olgudur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Disability, accessibility, normality, stigma, equality

SHIFTING THE FOCUS TO ABILITY, NOT DISABILITY

This study examines the dynamics of social inclusion and exclusion of people with disabilities while also interrogating the changing meanings of normality, subjectivity, and equality with a focus on the concepts of capability and accessibility. The study, sheds light on the expectations of and challenges faced by disabled people trying to achieve a content life while examining the conditions for a more egalitarian society that embraces disabled people. According to current estimates, there are more than a billion disabled people around the globe. In this sense, many people with disability face multiple barriers, exclusion and stigmatization while accessing social, physical and economic fields throughout their lives. Disability is a human rights concern because people with disabilities experience violations while exercising their fundamental rights. This qualitative study was conducted in Izmir, in 2015 through in-depth interviews with 12 participants with orthopedic disabilities. The study, in line with the contemporary paradigm of disability, reveals that disability is a relational issue that requires a holistic approach as it is not only a physical issue but also a sociocultural phenomenon that people experience due to their interactions as well as social and institutional perceptions of disability.

Keywords:

Disability, accessibility, normality, stigma, equality,

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