Ekonomik Büyüme İle Gelir Adaletsizliği Arasındaki İlişki: Gelişmiş ve Gelişmekte Olan Ülkelerin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi

Ekonomik büyüme, ülkelerin makroekonomik performansını değerlendirmek için en önemli göstergelerden biridir. Bu nedenle, ekonomik büyüme olarak ifade edilen gayri safi yurtiçi hasıladaki artış, ekonomik refahın bir göstergesi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bununla birlikte, ülkelerin ekonomik büyümesine rağmen, ekonomik refahın önemli bir göstergesi olan gelir dağılımı eşitliğinin sağlanamadığı görülmektedir. Aksine, gelir dağılımı eşitsizliği tüm dünyada gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, eşitsizlik ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişki ikincil veriler ve literatür incelenerek analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, ekonomik büyümenin gelir dağılımı eşitsizliğini azaltmak için yeterli olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Buna ek olarak, gelir dağılımı eşitsizliği sorunu gelişmekte olan ülkelerin sorunu olduğu kadar, (bazı) gelişmiş ülkelerin de sorunudur. Bu nedenle, bu sorunu çözmek isteyen tüm ülkeler ekonomik politikalarını gözden geçirmeli ve toplumun tüm kesimlerini kapsayacak ve toplumun tüm üyelerine eşit fırsatlar sağlayacak politikalar benimsemelidir. Örneğin, temel ihtiyaçlar, eğitim, sağlık, sosyal güvenlik ve girişimcilik sağlanmasında, toplumun tüm üyelerinin yeterli düzeyde kamu imkanlarından yararlanmaları gerekir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Economic Growth, Inequality, Gini Index, Human Development Index

Relationship Between Income Inequality And Economic Growth: A Comparative Analysis Of Developed And Developing Countries

Economic growth is one of most important indicator in order to evaluate macroeconomic performance of countries. Thus, increase in gross domestic product, expressed as economic growth, is considered as an indicator of economic prosperity. However, despite the economic growth of countries, it is observed that income distribution equality, which is an important indicator of economic prosperity, is not provided. On the contrary, income distribution inequality is increasing day by day all over the world. In this study, the relationship between economic growth and income distribution inequality has been analyzed by examining the secondary data and literature. As a result of the study, it is concluded that economic growth is not sufficient to reduce the income distribution inequality. In addition, the problem of income distribution inequality is not only the problem of developing countries, but also the problem of developed countries. Therefore, all countries which wishing to solve this problem, should review their economic policies and adopt policies that would cover all segments of society and provide equal opportunities to all member of society. For example, in the provision of basic needs, education, health, social security and entrepreneurship, all member of the society should benefit from public facilities at an adequate level.

Keywords:

Economic Growth, Inequality, Gini Index, Human Development Index,

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