Ebru ÖZCAN, Cansu KARADENİZ BENLİ, Seval AĞAÇDİKEN ALKAN

HEMŞİRELİK FELSEFESİNDE PARADİGMA DEĞİŞİMİ: POSTMODERNİZM

Hemşirelik, bilim ve sanata dayalı ve oldukça zengin geçmişi olan bir meslektir. Geçmişten günümüze hemşireler sevgi ve şefkatle hasta bakımı vermiş ve çeşitli bakış açıları ve dönemlerden etkilenmiştir. Hemşirelik paradigması kuruluş paradigmasından uzaklaşarak bir meslek olmanın önündeki en önemli engel yaratan durum hemşireliğin hekimin yardımcısı olarak görülmesidir. Sonrasında meydana gelen bir paradigma değişikliği ile “bakım” ve “eşitlik” kavramları öne çıkmaya başlamıştır. Postmodernizm dönemi de hemşireliği etkileyen bir dönem olmuştur. Bu dönemde feminizm, yorumsama ve fenomonoloji gibi yeni kavramlar ortaya çıkmış ve hemşirelik epistemoloji ve ontolojisini de etkilemiştir. Postmodernizimle birlikte hemşireler; pozitivist paradigmayı reddetmiş, bireyler için bütüncül bakım ve bireysel güçlendirmeye odaklanmıştır. Postmodernizmin hemşirelik üzerinde olumlu ve olumsuz çeşitli yansımaları bulunmaktadır. Hemşirelerin uygulamalarını sıradanlıktan kurtarıp daha yaratıcı ve eğlenceli hale getirmesi postmodernizmin yararlı bir yansımasıdır. Postmodern düşüncenin hemşirelikteki en önemli eksikliği ise aterkil ve kapitalist sistemin hemşireler üzerindeki baskıcı etkisine duyarsız kalması ve bu konuda herhangi bir şey yapmamasıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Hemşirelik paradigması, Hemşirelik ve postmodernizm, Paradigma, Postmodernizm

A Paradigma Change In Nursing Philosophy: Postmodernism

Nursing is a profession based on science and art and has a rich history. From past to present, nurses have given patient care with love and compassion and have been influenced by various perspectives and periods. The most important obstacle to being a profession by moving away from the establishment paradigm of the nursing paradigm is that nursing is seen as the assistant of the physician. With a paradigm change that took place afterwards, the concepts of "care" and "equality" began to come to the fore. The period of postmodernism has also been a period that affected nursing. In this period, new concepts such as feminism, hermeneutics and phenomenology emerged and affected nursing epistemology and ontology. Nurses with postmodernism; It rejected the positivist paradigm and focused on holistic care and individual empowerment for individuals. Postmodernism has various positive and negative reflections on nursing. It is a useful reflection of postmodernism that nurses save their practices from mediocrity and make them more creative and entertaining. The most important shortcoming of postmodern thought in nursing is that it is insensitive to the oppressive effect of the patriarchal and capitalist system on nurses and does not do anything about it.

Keywords:

Nursing paradigm, Nursing and postmodernism, Paradigm, Postmodernism,

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