Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi’nin Geri Göndermeye İlişkin Davalarda Sözleşme’nin 3. Maddesi Kapsamındaki Değerlendirmesinin Usuli Boyutu

Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi geri göndermeye ilişkin davalarda Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi’nin (AİHS) 3. maddesi kapsamında önemli usuli güvenceler geliştirmiştir. AİHM’in Sözleşme’nin 3. maddesi kapsamındaki değerlendirmesinin maddi boyutunun yanı sıra, usuli boyuta ilişkin geliştirdiği bu yaklaşım, Sözleşme’nin 3. maddesine aykırı muamele yasağının mutlak niteliğinin korunması açısından son derece önem arz etmektedir. Geri göndermeye ilişkin davalarda Mahkeme’nin Sözleşme’nin 3. maddesinin usuli boyutu altında geliştirdiği yaklaşım üç ana safhada ele alınarak incelenebilir. İlk aşama, Mahkeme’nin geri gönderme bağlamında Sözleşme’nin 3. maddesinin usuli boyutunu inceleme altına almaya başlamasıdır. İkinci aşamada Mahkeme’nin, M.S.S. / Belçika ve Yunanistan içtihadı ile geri göndermeye ilişkin davalarda Sözleşme’nin 3. maddesinin usuli boyutu altında geliştirdiği bu korumayı çok boyutlu ve yapısal bir çerçeveye oturttuğu gözlemlenmektedir. Son olarak, bu evrimsel gelişimin üçüncü aşamasında ise, Mahkeme’nin bu alanda geliştirdiği içtihadını yenilik arz eden güncel meselelere uyguladığı görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi, Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi, 3.Madde, Yer Değiştirme

Procedural aspects of the European Court of Human Right’s Assessment under Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights in Removal Cases

The European Court of Human Rights has developed important procedural protections under Article 3 of the European Convention of Human Rights in the context of removal cases. Alongside the substantive aspects of the Court’s assessment under Article 3, these procedural aspects are crucial for the maintenance of the absolute character of the prohibition of treatment contrary to Article 3 of the Convention. In tracing the notable evolution of the procedural aspects of Article 3 in removal cases within the Court’s case-law, it is argued that this can be understood by reference to three main phases. The first phase involved the commencement of the Court’s engagement with procedural aspects of Article 3 in the removal context, which established foundations within the jurisprudence for procedural protections in this area. During the second phase, the Court harnessed M.S.S. v. Belgium and Greece to robustly adopt a multi-dimensional and structural approach towards procedural protections under Article 3 in cases concerning removal. Finally, the most recent and third phase of this evolution has witnessed the application of the developed jurisprudence to contemporary issues and contexts, which underline emerging areas of the case-law.

Keywords:

European Convention on Human Rights, European Court of Human Rights, Article 3, Removal Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi, Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi, 3.Madde, Yer Değiştirme,

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