Kent Hakkı ve Katılımcılık Bağlamında Kendin Yap Kentleşme: Roma Bostanı Örneği

Bu makale, “Kendin Yap Kentleşme” bağlamı içerisinden İstanbul’da halen sürdürülmekte olan bostanlardan olan Cihangir Roma Bostanı’na odaklanmaktadır. İstanbul’da kent içi tarım alanları olan bostanların geçmişi yüzyıllar öncesine dayanmakla birlikte son bir kaç yıl Türkiye’nin İstanbul başta olmak üzere birçok kentinde “kendin yap” bostanların kurulmasına sahne olmuştur. Bu bostanlar, öz-örgütlenme yoluyla bir araya gelmiş olan katılımcıların kendilerine ait olmayan araziler üzerinde, “izinsiz” olarak hayata geçirdikleri ve kendi imkanlarıyla kolektif olarak sürdürdükleri, kullanım değerinin öne çıktığı ve gıda üretiminin sembolik kaldığı mekânlardır. Bu makale dayanışma, ortaklaşma ve karşılıklı öğrenme mekânı olan Cihangir Roma Bostanı’nı bir doğrudan katılımcı bir kamusal mekân talebi olarak Türkiye’nin ve özelde İstanbul’un kamusal ve yeşil mekânlarının artarak yok edildiği neoliberal kent politikalarına karşı “kent hakkı” çerçevesinden tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır

Do-It-Yourself Urbanism within the Context of Right to the City and Participatory Urbanism: The Roma Garden

The present study focuses on one of the last remaining urban gardens, the Roma Garden in Istanbul, Turkey, in the context of “DIY urbanism.” Urban agriculture has a very long history in Istanbul where traditional urban market gardens called “bostans” provided the city with food for centuries. While the last remaining historical gardens are now under threat due to municipal policies favoring urban development, Istanbul has witnessed the formation of “DIY” urban gardens in 2013. These gardens, initiated on public land and maintained by a small group of gardeners, are open to the public without any legal relation to the local state. In contrast to the last remaining historical “bostans,” these gardens, organized around the use value, are managed solely by gardeners, and the harvest is not meant to be nourishment, rather it has a symbolic value. The empirical research that the present study is based on shows that the destruction of urban public space in general and public green space in particular over the last decade in Istanbul paved the way to DIY public gardens as spaces of solidarity, collectivity, and shared knowledge, as well as spaces where ecological concerns can be raised and made visible. The present study also explores the ways in which these urban gardens contribute to envisage a new kind of urban opposition centered around the demand for public space against the neoliberal urban policies.

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