18. Asırda Kırımlı Âlimler ve Kadızadeli Geleneği

Kadızadelilik Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda görülen en ilginç dini hareketlerden birisidir. 17. yüzyılı, bu hareketin sonraki gelişimini de biçimlendiren bir oluşum devresi olarak gören bir çok araştırmacı, çalışmalarını çoğunlukla bu hareketin erken tarihçesine odaklamışlardır. Bu çalışmada, yazar, Kırım’da temsilini bulan ve Osmanlı entellektüel çevrelerine yakinen bağlı olan son dönem Kadızadeli geleneklerinden birini ele almaktadır. Araştırma, bölgedeki Kadızadeli ilmî birikiminin anahatlarını, -Muhammed el-Kefevî (ö. 1754), Muhammed el-Akkirmanî (ö. 1761) ve Kutbüddîn el-Kırımî (ö. 1800?) isimlerinin mirasları da dahil olmak üzere-, göstermektedir. Araştırmadaki temel argüman Kadızadeliler’in ‘doğru Sünnet’i yeniden tesis etme iddialarının geleneksel Sünnî teoloji ve ahlakının yeniden yorumlanması anlamına da geldiğidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Post-Klasik İslam, Kadızadelilik, Kırım Hanlığı, İslam’da reform, İbn-i Sina sonrası dinbilim/teoloji, Tek tanrıcılık öğretisi, Özgür irade

Crimean Scholars and the Kadizadeli Tradition in the 18th Century

Kadizadelism is one of the most interesting religious movements in the Ottoman Empire. Researchers have mostly focused their studies on its early history, considering 17th century as the formative period with the subsequent florescence. In this study, I examine a sub-tradition in the later history of the Kadizadeli movement, represented in Crimea and strongly connected with the Ottoman intellectual circles. The research provides an outline of the Kadizadeli scholarship in the region, including the legacy of Muģammad al-Kafawī (d. 1754), Muģammad al-Aqkirmānī (d. 1761), and Qušb al-Dīn al-Qirīmī (d. ca. 1800). It is argued that their claim for the restoration of the “true Sunnah” included the reinterpretation of the traditional Sunni theology and ethics.

Keywords:

Post-Classical Islam, Kadizadelism, Crimea, Reform in Islam, Post-Avicennian theology, Doctrine of monotheism, Free will.,

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