UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONS IN THE OCCUPATIONAL STATUS OF INDUSTRIAL DESIGNERS THROUGH THE EXPLORATION OF DRESS AND APPEARANCE NORMS

Mevcut yazına baktığımızda çok disiplinli iş ortamlarında endüstriyel tasarımcıların düşük bir mesleki statüye sahip olmalarının ele alınan bir konu olduğunu, ancak bu statünün inşasının gerçekleştiği kurumsal bağlamlara yeterince odaklanılmadığını görüyoruz. Bu makale, yazındaki bu boşluğa yanıt olarak, endüstriyel tasarımcının yeni ürün geliştirme süreçlerinde mühendisler ve pazarlamacılarla işbirliği yapmasını gerektiren kurumsal bağlamları incelemektedir. Farklı kurumsal bağlamlarda çalışan endüstriyel tasarımcıların benimsediği kılık kıyafet normları etrafındaki tartışmalara odaklanarak bu normların endüstriyel tasarımcılar ve diğer meslek grupları arasındaki güç ilişkileriyle bağlantısını araştırmaktadır. Bu makalenin görgül dayanağını Türkiye'de çeşitli üretim firmalarında iş deneyimine sahip endüstriyel tasarımcıların yüz yüze görüşmelerde anlattıkları hikayeler oluşturmaktadır. Bu hikayelerin çözümlemeleri bizi şu sonuca götürmektedir: Kurumlar, endüstriyel tasarımın üstün olmayan statüsünü yeniden üretmekte önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bunu da özellikle mühendislik ve pazarlama bağlamında benimsenen alışılagelmiş 'resmi ve ciddi profesyonel çalışan' imajını, endüstriyel tasarımcılarla eşleştirilen ve onların gayrıresmi kıyafet tercihleri tarafından da desteklenen alışılmadık mesleki imajın üzerinde tutarak sağlamaktadırlar. Bu tür simgesel eşleştirmeler ve bu eşleştirmelerin sürdürdüğü güç dengesizlikleri, kurumsal hiyerarşi içerisinde endüstriyel tasarımcıları güçlü konumlardan uzaklaştırmaktadır.

ENDÜSTRİYEL TASARIMCILARIN MESLEKİ STATÜLERİNDE KURUMLARIN ROLÜ: KILIK KIYAFET NORMLARININ İNCELENMESİ

The lower prestige and recognition of the designer's work has been paid considerable attention in research on professional practice of design. Some studies within this field have shown that designers hold a disadvantaged status compared to their non-designer colleagues in interdisciplinary work settings (see for example Molotch, 2003 for the context of US). Other studies have underlined the highly restrictive career structure for designers in terms of both their roles within the organizations in which they work, and the level of remuneration (see for example Frayling, 1996; Smith and Whitfield, 2005). In these studies the low professional status of designers has been linked to the lack of a specialized, well-established and recognized body of knowledge, unlike occupations such as medicine, law, engineering and architecture (see Smith and Whitfield, 2005 for a comprehensive discussion). The picture delineated in these studies demonstrates the persistence of the lower status of design in business world, where, as Gorb (1990, 2) indicates more than two decades ago, design has always suffered from its perception as "a 'soft' activity linked to creative and unquantifiable" compared to other professional fields.

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