A broad survey on expressive-sensorial characterization of materials for design education

Malzemenin ifadesel-duyumsal boyutları giderek hem teorik hem de pratik bağlamlarıyla tasarım alanında önemli bir yere sahip olmaktadır. Bu durum tasarım eğitimi alanında da eşzamanlı ve gelişen bir yükümlülüğün ortaya çıkmasını zorunlu kılmaktadır: Konu, eğitim programlarına dahil edilmeli; bu önemli ve öznel tasarlama boyutunun öğrencilere aktarılabilmesi ve onların uyanıklılığının sağlanabilmesi amacıyla eğitim araçları geliştirilmelidir. Eğitim sürecinde geleceğin tasarımcısı özel durumlarda kullanacağı malzemeleri seçebilecek bir beceri ile donatılmalıdır. Bu da tasarımcının malzemenin hem nesnel özellikleri olan teknik profile, hem de öznel nitelikleri olan duyumsal profile sahip olduğu konusunda duyarlık edinmesi anlamına gelir. Bu makale konunun teorik zemininin günümüzdeki ve geçmişteki durumu üzerine bir bilgilendirme sağlamaktadır; Politecnico di Milano’daki bu araştırma malzemenin ifadesel-duyumsal açıdan tasarım eğitimindeki yerini değerlendirme amacını taşımaktadır. Konunun bağlamına oturtulması sonrasında, konunun teorik yönlerini daha derinlemesine incelememizi sağlayacak ilk araç olan ifadesel-duyumsal bir malzeme atlasını tanıtmaktayız. Ardından malzeme-renk-süreç arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek için kromatik malzeme atlasını betimleyerek, konunun tasarım eğitimindeki önemine dikkat çekmekteyiz. Son bölümde de bizim malzemenin ifadesel-duyumsal boyutta değerlendirilmesi açısından yaptığımız araştırma serimlenecektir. Bizce yapılması gerekli iki önemli araştırma, dokuma ürünü malzemelerle başlayarak bütün malzemeler için özel tematik atlaslar hazırlanması ve malzemenin ifadesel ile duyumsal nitelikleri arasındaki ilişki ile sürdürülebilirliğinin incelenmesi konusunda olmalıdır.

Tasarım eğitiminde malzemenin ifadesel-duyumsal açıdan nitelendirilmesi üzerine geniş bir araştırma

The expressive-sensorial dimension of materials is becoming increasingly important in the context of both theoretical and practical design. This has necessitated a corresponding and growing engagement in the field of design education as well: the topic must be included in didactic programs, and tools expressly designed with the aim of transmitting to students an awareness of the management of this important and subjective design dimension. During the educational process the future designer must acquire the skills required to select materials suitable for specific applications, which also implies the awareness that materials have both a technical profile with objective properties and a sensorial profile with subjective characteristics. This article provides an overview of current and past theoretical research, undertaken by the Design Faculty at The Politecnico di Milano, which aims to consider the evaluation of the expressive-sensorial dimension of materials in design education. Following a contextualization of the topic, we will explain the expressive-sensorial atlas of materials: the initial tool which was used to investigate theoretical aspects of the theme in greater depth and which led to further reflections. Then, we will describe the chromatic atlas of materials, a tool designed to examine the relationship between colour, material and process and to underline the significance of this topic in design education. Finally, our most recent research in the ambit of the expressive-sensorial dimension of materials will be illustrated. The two most important studies focus on; firstly, the development of thematic atlases dedicated to specific classes of materials, beginning with textiles; and secondly, further investigation of the relationship between the sensorial and emotional qualities of materials and sustainability.

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