Boko Haram Terör Örgütünün Bölgedeki Etkisi ve Örgütle Müzakere Olanakları

Afrika kıtasının en kalabalık ülkesi ve en büyük ekonomisi konumundaki Nijerya’da terör, gündemin öncelikli konuları arasında yer almaktadır. Ülke kaynaklarının dağılımındaki adaletsizlik beraberinde yükselen şiddeti getirmekte ve bu durum bir terör örgütünün ihtiyaç duyduğu tüm şartların Nijerya’nın kuzeyinde mevcut olduğu gerçeğini gözler önünne sermektedir. 2002 yılında kurulan Boko Haram’ın ülkedeki zafiyetlerden yararlandığı, Müslümanlarla Hıristiyanlar arasındaki sorunları derinleştirdiği, ülkedeki federal ve yerel yönetimleri itibarsızlaştırdığı görülmektedir. Terör saldırılarının, ülkenin kuzeyindeki eyaletlerden başkent Abuja’ya hatta komşu ülkelerden Kamerun ve Nijer’e kadar uzanması, Boko Haram terörünün etki alanını genişlettiğine ve daha büyük bir tehdit haline geldiğine işaret etmektedir. Boko Haram’ın terör saldırılarının yanı sıra Nijerya güvenlik güçlerinin, ülkenin kuzeyindeki sivillere yönelik uygulamış olduğu şiddet ve yargısız infazlar, kaygıları arttırmakta; çözüm noktasında ise, ülkenin kuzeyindeki az gelişmişliğin giderilmesi, yaşam koşullarının iyileştirilmesi, sağlıklı bir yönetim ve adalet ortamı tesis edilmesi, güvenlik sorunlarının çözümünde büyük bir önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Afrika kıtasının en kalabalık ülkesi, en büyük ekonomisi ve dünyanın önde gelen petrol ihracatçılarından birisi olarak bilinen Nijerya’daki Boko Haram terörü araştırılmış ve örgütünün zamanla nasıl bölgesel bir tehdit haline dönüştüğü ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca, bölgedeki terörün sonlandırılması amacıyla örgütle müzakere olanakları tartışılarak konuya ilişkin çözüm önerileri getirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Terör, Boko Haram, Afrika, Nijerya, Müzakere Süreci

The Impact of the Terrorist Organization Boko Haram in the Region and the Possibility of Negotiating with the Terrorist Organization

In Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa and the biggest economy, terrorism is one of the priority issues of the agenda. The injustice in the distribution of the resources of the country brings with it the rising violence, which reveals the fact that all the conditions that a terrorist organization needs exist in the north of Nigeria. Boko Haram, created in 2002, seems to have benefited from weaknesses in the country, deepened problems between Muslims and Christians, and disgusted federal and local governments in the country. Terrorist attacks, extending from the provinces in the north of the country to the capital Abuja, even from neighboring countries to Cameroon and Niger, indicate that Boko Haram has expanded the scope of terror and has become a bigger threat. The violence and extrajudicial executions that the Nigerian security forces, as well as the terrorist attacks of Boko Haram, have imposed on civilians in the north of the country increase concerns; on the solution side, elimination of underdevelopment in the northern part of the country, improvement of living conditions, establishment of a healthy management and justice environment is of great importance in solving security issues. In this study, Boko Haram terrorism in Nigeria, known as one of the largest economies and one of the world's leading oil exporters, has been researched as the most crowded country of the African continent, and how it has become a regional threat over time. In addition, the possibility of negotiations with the organization was discussed in order to end terrorism in the region and a solution was proposed for the issue.

Keywords:

Terror, Boko Haram, Africa, Nigeria, Negotiation Process,

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