Birleşmiş Milletler Güvenlik Konseyi'nin Reform Sorunsalı

Öncelikli hedefi olarak uluslararası barış ve güvenliği korumak üzere kurulan Birleşmiş Milletler (BM), kuvvet kullanma sorumluluğunu taşıması nedeni ile küresel siyasette önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Daha özelde ise bu önemli sorumluluğu yerine getirmede belirleyici organ olan Güvenlik Konseyi öne çıkmaktadır. Bu önemli yetki Güvenlik Konseyi’nin üyelik kompozisyonunu ve dolayısıyla karar alma mekanizmasını merkezi bir konuma taşımaktadır. Ancak uluslararası alanda meydana gelen değişikliklerin etkisi ve Güvenlik Konseyi’nin sorumluluğunu kullanma biçiminden kaynaklanan sorunlar nedeni ile konsey üzerindeki reform baskıları 1990’lı yıllardan itibaren artarak devam etmektedir. Fakat Vestfalyan sistemin kısıtlarının ve devletlerin güç ilişkilerinin etkisi ile reform çalışmaları başarılı olmamaktadır. Bu nedenle kesin ve köklü reformlar üzerinde yoğunlaşmak yerine, sistemsel realitenin farkında olunarak aşamalı değişikliklerle, hukuki düzenlemelere zemin oluşturacak teamüllerin oluşturulmaya çalışılması yararlı olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Birleşmiş Milletler, Güvenlik Konseyi, reform, vestfalyan sistem

The Reform Problematiqe of the United Nations Security Council

Established to protect international peace and security as a primary objective, the United Nations (UN) plays an important role in global politics because it has the responsibility to use force. More in particular, the Security Council, the decisive body in fulfilling this important responsibility, stands out. This important authority puts the Security Council's membership composition and therefore the decision-making mechanism in a central position. However, due to the impact of international changes and problems stemming from the way the Security Council is exercising its responsibility, reform pressures on the council have continued to increase since the 1990s. However, reform efforts are not successful due to the constraints of the Westphalian system and the power relations of the states. Therefore, instead of concentrating on definite and deep-rooted reforms, it will be useful to be aware of the systemic reality and try to establish conventions that will provide the basis for legal arrangements through gradual changes.

Keywords:

United Nations, Security Council, Reform, Westphalian System,

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