Knidos’tan Yeni Bir Onurlandırma Yazıtı

Bu makalede Tiberius Claudius Politas’ın oğlu Tiberius Claudius Euaratos’un khora ve Stadia’da ikamet edenler tarafından onurlandırılmasını içeren yazıt sunulmaktadır. MS I. yüzyılın ikinci yarısına tarihlenen yazıt, Tiberius Claudius Euaratos’un kariyeri hakkında bazı önemli detaylar sunmaktadır; Yazıtta, Euaratos’un Apollon Karneios onuruna düzenlenen Karneia şenliklerindeki bir ritüel kapsamında koşucu (karneadromos) olarak hizmet ettiğine, damiourgia memuriyeti üstlendiğine, masraflarını kendisi karşılamak suretiyle elçi olarak Roma’ya gittiğine değinilmektedir. Yazıtta ayrıca Potidan (Poseidon) Tainarios ve Potidan (Poseidon) Asphalios’un ömür boyu rahibi olarak, onurlandırılan şahsın dinsel memuriyetlerinden de bahsedilmektedir. Bir yer ismi olan ve olasılıkla modern Datça isminin kökenini oluşturan Stadia, yazıtlarda ilk kez belgelenmiştir, bununla birlikte Yaşlı Plinius’dan bilinmektedir. Ayrıca Poseidon Tainarios ve Poseidon Asphalios kültleri de Knidos yazıtlarında ilk kez belgelenmiştir. Tainarios, Poseidon’un, tanrının bir tapınağının da bulunduğu Tainaron’a (Lakonia) özgü bir epithet’idir. Asphaleios ise Poseidon’un, Akdeniz ve Ege çevresinde bulunan ve aralarında tanrının agora yakınlarında bir tapınağına sahip olan Sparta’nın da bulunduğu çok sayıda kentin yazıtlarında yaygın olarak belgelenmiş bir epithet’idir. Bu şekilde Karneia şenliklerinden ve özellikle Poseidon’un Dor lehçesindeki formu Potidan’dan Tainarios ve Asphalios epithet’leri ile bahseden yazıt, Knidos’un MS I. yüzyılda halen sahip olduğu Dor kimliğini yansıtmaktadır.

A NEW HONORARY INSCRIPTION FROM KNIDOS

This paper presents the honorary inscription by the inhabitants of Stadia and khorafor Tiberius Claudius Euaratos, the son of Tiberius Claudius Politas. The inscription,dated to the 2nd half of the 1st century AD, provides some important details of the careerof Tiberius Claudius Euaratos. The inscription mentions his service as a runner in aritual at Karneia (karneadromos) the festival held for Apollon Karneios, his holding the office of damiourgia and his carrying out an embassy to Rome as a gift. The inscriptionalso mentions the religious offices held by the honorand; priesthood of both PoseidonTainarios and Poseidon Asphalios for life.The toponym Stadia, which is probably preserved in modern Datça, appears forthe first time in inscriptions but is known from Pliny the Elder. The cults of Potidan(Poseidon) Tainarios and Potidan (Poseidon) Asphalios are also attested for the firsttime in inscriptions from Knidos. Tainarios is an epithet of Poseidon indigenous toTainaron (Lakonia), where the god has a temple. Asphalios is an epithet of Poseidonwidely referenced in inscriptions from many cities around the Mediterranean, includingSparta, where the god has a temple near the agora. Thus the inscription reflects theDoric character of Knidos in the 1st century AD, by mentioning Karneia and particularly by mentioning Potidan, the Doric form of Poseidon with the epithets Tainariosand Asphaleios.

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