Milenyumdan koronavirüs dönemine Türkiye'de çevrimiçi sınavlar üzerinde yapılan çalışmalara ilişkin bir inceleme

Çevrimiçi sınavlar bazı avantajları ile dijital çağın ihtiyaçlarının karşılanmasında önemli bir yere sahiptir. Zaman ve mekan kısıtlamalarının kaldırılması açısından özellikle koronavirüs salgını gibi acil durumlarda bireylerin yetkinliklerinin ölçülmesinde son derece ihtiyaç duyulan bir yapı haline gelmiştir. Bu açıdan özellikle koronavirüs gibi durumlar için online sınavların durumunun ortaya çıkarılması ve eksikliklerinin tespit edilerek iyileştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu araştırma, 2000-2022 yılları arasında Türkiye'de çevrimiçi sınavlar ile ilgili üretilmiş makale ve tezleri inceleyerek çevrimiçi sınavların yeterliliği ve koronavirüs dönemine hazırlık için öneriler üretmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada elde edilen veriler içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırmada YÖK tez veri tabanı, Google akademik motoru, Dergi park, TÜBİTAK ULAKBİM, Ebsco ve Eric sitelerinde yer alan çevrimiçi sınavlarla ilgili 2000-2022 yılları arasında üretilmiş makale ve tezler ele alınmıştır. Bu yıllar arasında Türkiye'de çevrimiçi sınavlarla ilgili 55 makale ve 16 tez olmak üzere toplam 68 çalışma üretilmiştir. Bu çalışmalar genellikle tarama desenine uygun olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalarda birçok farklı değişken incelense de en çok araştırmalar kapsamında hazırlanan çevrimiçi sınavlar hakkında görüşler alınmıştır. Çoğunlukla amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmış olup, örneklem grubu genel olarak lisans öğrencilerinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmalarda veriler genel olarak anket aracılığıyla toplanmış ve verilere genel olarak betimleyici nicel analiz uygulanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçları, bir çevrimiçi sınav sisteminin geliştirilmesine yönelik önemli noktalara işaret etmekte ve eğitmenler için bir rehber niteliği taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

online exam, e-değerlendirme, e-sınav, Eğitimde değerlendirme, Covid-19, Covid-19

A Review of the Studies Conducted on Online Exams in Turkey from the Millennium to the Coronavirus Period

With removing the time and place restrictions, online exams have an essential place in meeting the needs of the digital age. It has become a much-needed structure for measuring individuals' competence remotely, especially in emergencies such as during the coronavirus epidemic. However, there are problems in Turkish online assessment system. The researcher revealed online exams' status and identified their deficiencies in Turkey, and made suggestions. In the research, the articles and theses were examined made for online exams in Turkey between the years 2000-2020. Google academic engine, Dergi Park, TÜBİTAK ULAKBİM, Ebsco, Eric, and the YÖK thesis database were used to reach the publications. A total of 41 articles and 8 theses were identified on online exams in Turkey. The findings highlighted that the studies had not reached the point where they are needed. The studies examined many different variables, and among them the opinions about the online exams prepared within the researches were collected the most. The studies were generally carried out with the survey design instead of experimental. The purposeful sampling method was mostly used, and the sample group consisted of undergraduate students in general. The results of the study point to essential directions for the development of online exam systems and provide implications for future efforts.

Keywords:

Online exam, e-assessment, e-exam evaluation in education, Online sınav, e-değerlendirme, e-sınav, Eğitimde değerlendirme, Covid-19,

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