Mustafa NAİMOĞLU, Mustafa AKAL, Çisem BEKTUR

YÜKSELEN EKONOMİLERDE ENERJİ ETKİNLİLİĞİNİ ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER: KARMA MODELLER

Bu çalışma, 1990-2018 döneminde yükselen ekonomiler için enerji etkinliğini sosyal, politik, kurumsal ve ekonomik değişkenlerle açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır. Tahmin edilen modeller eşbütünleşik ilişkiler sergilemiştir. Öngörülen modellere göre, kişi başına düşen GSYİH ve toplam faktör verimliliği, enerji verimliliği üzerinde en olumlu etkiye sahipken, fosil yakıt kullanımı ise ekonomik değişkenler arasında enerji etkinliği üzerinde en olumsuz etkiye sahiptir. Sosyal küreselleşme, hükümetin etkinliği ve yolsuzluğun kontrolü olumludur; Öte yandan, kentleşme enerji verimliliği üzerinde olumsuz bir etkiye sahiptir. Kişi başına GSYİH'deki %1'lik bir artış, enerji etkinliğini %0,78 ile %0,86 arasında, toplam faktör verimliliğindeki %1'lik bir artış ise onu yaklaşık %0,48 oranında artırmaktadır. Öte yandan fosil yakıt tüketimindeki %1'lik bir artış enerji etkinliğini %0,56 ile %0,70 arasında azaltmaktadır. Hizmet ve sanayi sektörlerinin enerji kullanımındaki %1'lik bir artışı enerji etkinliğinde sırasıyla yaklaşık %0.43 ve %0.19'luk bir azalmaya neden olmaktadır. Sosyal küreselleşmede, hükümet verimliliğinde ve yolsuzluğun kontrolünde %1'lik bir artış enerji etkinliğini sırasıyla yaklaşık %0,15, %0,10 ve %0,03 oranında artırırken, kentleşmedeki %1'lik bir artış, enerji etkinliğini yaklaşık %1,18 oranında azaltmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yükselen Ekonomiler, Enerji Etkinliği, Karma Modeller.

FACTORS AFFECTING ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN EMERGING ECONOMIES: MIXED MODELS

This study aims to explain energy efficiency by social, political, institutional, and economic variables for emerging countries during the 1990-2018 period. The estimated models exhibited cointegrated relationships. According to the predicted models, while GDP per capita and total factor productivity have the most positive effect on energy efficiency, on the other hand, fossil fuel use has the most negative effect on energy efficiency among economical variables. Social globalization, government efficiency, and control of corruption are positive; on the other hand, urbanization is negatively effective on energy efficiency. A 1% increase in GDP per capita improves the energy efficiency between 0.78% and 0.86%, and a 1% increase in total factor productivity increases it by about 0.48%. On the other hand, a 1% increase in fossil fuel consumption reduces energy efficiency between 0.56% and 0.70%. A 1% increase in the energy use of the service and industry sectors causes a decrease in the energy efficiency of about 0.43% and 0.19%, respectively. A 1% increase in social globalization, government efficiency, and control of corruption increase energy efficiency by about 0.15%, 0.10%, and 0.03%, respectively, while a 1% increase in urbanization decreases it by about 1.18%

Keywords:

Emerging Economies, Energy Efficiency, Mixed Models.,

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