Kurşun (Pb) ile kirlenmiş topraklarda ayçiçeği ve mısırın fitoekstraksiyonu üzerine EDTA ve DTPA’nın etkileri

Bitkisel ekstraksiyon, yüksek biyokütleli bitkilerin kullanımı vasıtasıyla kirlenmiş topraktan ağır metallerin kaldırılması için etkili bir yöntem olarak ileri sürülmüştür. Bu çalışma; artan konsantrasyonlarda (0, 4, 8 mmol kg-1) uygulanan EDTA ve DTPA’nın, kurşun (Pb) ile kirlenmiş toprakta yetiştirilen Mısır (Zea mays L. ) ve Ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.) bitkilerinin bitkisel ekstraksiyonu üzerine etkisini, bitkisel ekstraksiyon yöntemi ile topraktan Pb’u toprak üstü aksamlarında ne kadar biriktirdiğini ve kirlenmiş toprağın bu metallerden ne kadar temizlendiğini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Denemede kullanılan toprak materyali KAYSERİ/YAHYALI’daki karbonat tipi Pb-Zn maden ocaklarına yakın tarım arazisinden alınmıştır. Mısır (Z. mays) ve ayçiçeği (H. annuus) bitkileri kontrollü sera koşullarında 10 hafta yetiştirilmiş ve hasattan 2 hafta önce EDTA ve DTPA uygulamaları yapılmıştır. Deneme sonunda araştırmada kullanılan toprağın ve bitkilerin Pb kapsamını belirlemek amacıyla toprağın toplam ve ekstrakte edilebilir ve bitkideki Pb konsantrasyonları belirlenmiştir. Toplam Pb içeriği 448.64 mg kg-1 olan toprağa artan dozlarda EDTA ve DTPA uygulanması sonucu, toprakta yetiştirilen mısır (Z. mays) ve ayçiçeği (H. annuus) bitkilerinin gövdelerinde Pb konsantrasyonlarında artış gözlenmiştir. Bitkilerde Pb birikimindeki artış, toprağa EDTA ve DTPA ilave edilmesi ile toprak çözeltisinde Pb konsantrasyonunun artmasındandır. Mısır (Z. mays) ve ayçiçeği (H. annuus) bitkilerinin yüksek Pb konsantrasyonundan etkilenmediği saptanmıştır. Bitkilerin topraktan Pb’u bünyelerine alarak biriktirmesinde ve topraktaki alınabilir Pb miktarına, toprak pH’sının ve EDTA ile DTPA’nın önemli etkilerinin olduğu bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bitkisel Ekstraksiyon, Kurşun, Zea mays, Helianthus annuus, EDTA, DTPA

Effects of EDTA and DTPA on phytoextraction of sun flower and maize using the soils contaminated by lead (Pb)

Chemically enhanced phytoextraction has been proposed as an effective approach to removing heavy metals from contaminated soil through the use of high biomass plants. This research is to test the effect of the applications of EDTA and DTPA (0, 4, 8 mmol kg-1) on the phytoextraction of maize (Zea mays L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) grown in Pb contaminated soil. Experiment soil was provided by around from the Pb-Zn carbonate mines which are located near KAYSERİ/YAHYALI. Plants were grown controlled greenhouse conditions during 10 weeks. EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) and DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) were applied to contaminated soil 2 week before harvest. For the purpose of determining the contents of lead of sample soil and plants, total soil and extractable and plant Pb concentrations have been defined. The results of EDTA and DTPA applications to a soil include total soil Pb 448.64 mg kg-1 showed that shoots Pb concentrations of maize and sunflower increased. The surge of Pb accumulation in these plants was associated with the surge of Pb level in the soil solution due to the addition of chelates to the soil. It was observed that maize and sunflower was not affected by Pb concentration of high level. Soi pH, EDTA and DTPA were found to have influence on the potential capacity of plants to absorb soil Pb and soil extractable Pb

Keywords:

Phytoextracion, Lead, Zea mays, Helianthus annuus, EDTA, DTPA,

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