Hasat öncesi gibberellik asit uygulamasının ‘Monroe’ şeftalisinde meyve olgunluğuna ve kalitesine etkisi

Bu çalışma ‘Monroe’ şeftali çeşidinde hasat tarihini geciktirmek ve meyvelerin kalitesini arttırmak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Bu amaçla, GA3’ün (ticari ismi Falgro) 3 farklı konsantrasyonu (0, 100, 200, 300 mg L-1), tahmini hasat zamanından 7, 21 ve 30 gün önce şeftali meyvelerine sprey şeklinde uygulanmıştır. Meyvelerde bazı kalite özellikleri [meyve ağırlığı, meyve eti sertliği, SÇKM, titre edilebilir asitlik, meyve rengi (L*, a*, b*), şeker içeriği], hasat tarihinin gecikmesi, meyvelerin etilen üretimi ve solunum hızları her bir uygulama için incelenmiştir. GA3 uygulamaları ile meyve olgunluğu kontrol grubuna göre 4-6 gün gecikmiş ve kademeli yapılan hasat, normal hasat periyoduna göre 6-7 gün önce tamamlanmıştır. GA3 uygulaması ‘Monroe’ şeftalisinde meyve büyüklüğünü ve ağırlığını arttırmıştır. GA3 uygulanan meyveler kontrol meyvelerine göre daha sert olmuştur. Şeftali meyvelerinde önemli kalite parametrelerinden olan renklenme üzerine tüm GA3 uygulamalarının kırmızı rengin gelişimi üzerine olumlu etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. GA3 uygulamaları ile meyvelerde etilen üretimi ve solunum hızı azalmıştır. GA3 uygulamalarının meyvelerde şeker içeriğini de (toplam, invert ve sakkaroz) artırdığı saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

GA3, Meyve kalitesi, Hasat tarihi, Monroe, Şeftali

The ripening and fruit quality of ‘Monroe’ peaches in response to pre-harvest application gibberellic acid

Received 26 April 2013 Received in revised form 3 July 2013 Accepted 17 September 2013 The primary aim of this research was to prolong the harvest date and a secondary aim was to increase the quality of ‘Monroe’ peaches. For this purpose, different concentrations (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg L) of GA (commercial name is Falgro) were applied to 7, 21 and 30 days before commercial harvest. The effect of gibberellic acid (GA) were evaluated on fruit quality and harvest date of ‘Monroe’ peach over 2-year period in a commercial orchard. Some fruit quality parameters (fruit weight, fruit flesh firmness, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, fruit color and sugar contents), delay in harvest, ethylene production, respiration rate were assessed for per treatments. Fruit maturity was delayed about 4-6 days in GA applied fruits than control group. Sequential harvest was completed in 6-7 days before the normal harvest time. The additional increase in fruit size and fruit weight was detected. GA sprayed fruits were firmer than that of the control fruits. The most determined results of GA treatment was occurred on color, one of the significant quality parameter in peaches and GA application had positive effect on the development red color and sugar (total, invert and sucrose) accumulation in fruits. On the other hand, treatments of GA decreased ethylene production and respiration rate.

Keywords:

GA3, Fruit quality, Harvest date, cv. Monroe, Peach,

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