The Relationship between Obesity and Oxidative Stress and Cardiac Markers

Obesity is one of the most even leading issue for the last era but however the reasons for this epidemic could not been explained clearly yet. We aimed to investigate the relationship between obesity, and myoglobin and homocysteine in means of cardiac markers and the levels of nitric oxide in means of oxidative stress and leptin. Study populations consisted of 30 patients with obesity and 30 healthy volunteers as control group. Serum nitric oxide, homocysteine, leptin and myoglobin were higher in obese individuals compared to controls. Nitric oxide level was related to myoglobin levels and seems to alter the myoglobin concentration. A negative and strong correlation was defined for myoglobin with both gender and age. There was a positive correlation between Body Mass Index and homocysteine. This is one of the studies investigating the relationship between nitric oxide as an oxidation marker homocysteine and myoglobin as cardiac markers, and leptin with obesity to lighten the complex relationship for the issue.

___

1. Aronne LJ, Nelinson DS, Lillo JL. Obesity as a disease state: a new paradigm for diagnosis and treatment. Clin Cornerstone. 2009;9(4):9-25.

2. Haslam DW, James WP. Obesity. Lancet. 2005;366(9492):1197-209.

3. Reitman A, Friedrich I, Ben-Amotz A, Levy Y. Low plasma antioxidants and normal plasma B vitamins and homocysteine in patients with severe obesity. Isr Med Assoc J. 2002;4(8):590-3.

4. Levitt DG, Heymsfield SB, Pierson RN, Shapses SA, Kral JG. Physiological models of body composition and human obesity. Nutrition & Metabolism. 2007;4:1-13.

5. Campbell L. Starvation exercise, injury and obesity. Anaesth Intensive Care Med. 2004;5(7):243-8.

6. Traupe T, Duscio LV, Muenter K, Morawietz H, Vetter W, Barton M. Effects of obesity on endothelium-dependent reactivity during acute nitric oxide synthase inhibition: modulatory role of endothelin. Clin Sci (Lond). 2002;103 Suppl 48:13S-15S.

7. Kim JY, Wall E, Laplante M, Azzara A, Trujillo ME, Hofmann SM. Obesity-associated improvements in metabolic profile through expansion of adipose tissue. J Clin Invest. 2007;117(9):2621-37.

8. Daff S: NO Synthase: structures and mechanisms. Nitric Oxide. Nitric Oxide. 2010;23(1):1-11

9. Pardina E, Ferrer R, Baena-Fustegueras JA, Lecube A, Fort JM, Vargas V. The relationships between IGF-1 and CRP, NO, leptin, and adiponectin during weight loss in the morbidly obese. J. Obes Surg. 2010;20(5):623-32 .

10. Sugita H, Fujimoto M, Yasukawa T, Shimizu T, Sugita M, Yasuhara S. Inducible nitricoxide synthase and NO donor induce insulin receptor substrate-1 degradation in skeletal muscle cells. J Biol Chem. 2005;280(14):14203-11.

11. Canova N, Lincova D, Farghalı H. Inconsistent effect of nitric oxide on lipolysis in isolated rat adipocytes. Physiol Res. 2005;54(4):387-93.

12. Tanner CJ, Barakat HA, Dohm GL, Pories WJ, MacDonald KG, Cunningham PRG. Muscle fiber type is associated with obesity and weight loss. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2002;282(6):E1191-6.

13. Tyagi N, Moshal KS, Ovechkin AV, Rodriguez W, Steed M, Henderson B. Mitochondria mechanism of oxidative stress and systemic hypertension in hyperhomocysteinemia. J Cell Biochem. 2005;96(4):665-71.

14. Cortas NK, Wakid NW. Determination of inorganic nitrate in serum and urine by a kinetic cadmiyum-reduction method. Clin. Chem. 1990;36(8):1440-3.

15. Considine RV, Sinha MK: Serum immunoreactive-leptin concentrations in normal weight and obese humans. New Eng J Med. 1996;334(5):292-5.

16. Ueland PM, Refsum H, Stabler SP, Malinow MR, Andersson A, Allen RH. Total homocysteine in plasma or serum: methods and clinical applications. Clin Chem.1993;39(9):1764-79.

17. Bhayana V.Biochemical markers of myocardial damage. Clin Biochem. 1995;28(1);1-29.

18. Bakker SJL, IJzerman RG, Teerlink T, Westerhoff HV, Gans ROB, Heine RJ. Cytosolic triglycerides and oxidative stress in central obesity the missing link between excessive atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, and ?-cell failure? Atherosclerosis. 2000;148(1):17-21.

19. Altunkaynak BZ, Özbek E. Is Adipose Tissue an Endocrine Organ? Dicle Med. J. 2005;32(4):211-7.

20. Jang EH, Park CS, Lee SK, Pie JE, Kang JH. Excessive nitric oxide attenuates leptinmediated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 activation. Life Sci. 2007;80(7):609-17.

21. Maniscalco M, Laurentiis G, Zedda A, Faraone S, Giardiello C, Cristiano S, Matteo S. Exhaled nitric oxide in severe obesity: Effect of weight loss. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2007;156(3):370-3.

22. Golan E, Tal B, Dror Y, Korzets Z, Vered Y, Weiss E, Bernheim J. Reduction in resting metabolic rate and ratio of plasma leptin to ürinary nitric oxide: Influence on obesityrelated hypertension. Isr Med Assoc J. 2002;4(6):426-30.

23. Durante W, Johnson FK, Johnson RA. Arginase: A critical regulator of nitric oxide synthesis and vascular function. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2007;34(9):906-11.

24. Heijer D, Keijzer, MB. Hyperhomocysteinemia as a risk factor for venous thrombosis. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2001;39(8):710-3.

25. Di Renzo L, Galvano F, Orlandi C, Bianchi A, Di Giacomo C, La Fauci L, Acquaviva R, De Lorenzo A. Oxidative stress in normal-weight obese syndrome. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010;18(11):2125-30.

26. Sydow K, Schwedhelm E, Arakawa N, Bode-Boger S M, Tsikas D, Hornig B. ADMA and oxidative stres are responsible for endothelial dysfunction in hyperhomocysteinemia: Effects of L-Arginine and B vitamins. Cardiovasc Res. 2003;57(1):244-52.

27. Tyagi N, Sedoris KC, Steed M, Ovechkin AV, Moshal KS, Tyagi SC. Mechanism of homocysteine- induced oxidative stres. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2005;289(6):H2649-56.

28. Kanner J. Bengera I, Berman S. Nitric-oxide myoglobin as an inhibitor of lipid oxidation. Biomedical and Life Sci. 2006;15(11):944-94.
Medicine Science-Cover
  • ISSN: 2147-0634
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 4 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 2012
  • Yayıncı: Effect Publishing Agency ( EPA )