TAYFUN KARA, Semra YILMAZ, Duygu KINAY, İsmail AKALTUN

Does augmentation with antipsychotic agents affect the medication adherence of the child with obsessive-compulsive disorder?

Antipsychotic agents can be used for augmentation when the response to treatment is insufficient in children with obsessive compulsive disorder. Our aim was to investigate adherence to treatment between patients with and without antipsychotic augmentation and factors potentially related to this. One hundred fourteen children and adolescents aged 8-18 years diagnosed with OCD and still receiving treatment were included in the study. Fifty-two subjects were received antipsychotic therapy for augmentation, while 62 were not receiving it. All subjects were evaluated using a sociodemographic data form, the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8), and the Udvalg for Klinikse Undersegelser (UKU) side-effects rating scale. The results were then subjected to statistical analysis. Total MMAS-8 scores were statistically significantly lower in the augmentation group than in the monotherapy group (p: 0.01). Sex, receipt of psychotherapy and family monitoring of treatment had no effect on total MMAS-8 scores (p: 0.949, p: 0.394, and p: 0.198, respectively). Higher UKU side-effect rating scale scores were determined in the augmentation group compared to the monotherapy group (p

PDF

___

Rapoport JL, Shaw P. Obsessive compulsive disorder, in:Thapar A, Pine DS, Leckman JF, Scott S, Snowling MJ, Taylor E, editors. Rutter’s Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,Chichester, UK. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. p. 841-857.

Rapp AM, Bergman RL, Piacentini J, et al. Evidence-based assessment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Cent Nerv Syst Dis. 2016;8:13-29.

Mendlowitz S. Cognitive-behavior therapy and the treatment of childhood obsessive-compulsive disorder, InRichard DCS,Lauterbach D, editors. Handbook of Exposure Therapies. Burlington, Academic Press, 2007. p. 20920.

McGuire JF, Piacentini J, Lewin AB, et al. A meta-analysis of cognitive behavior therapy and medication for child obsessive compulsive disorder: moderators of treatment efficacy, response, and remission. Depress Anxiety. 2015;32:580-93.

Bloch MH, Storch EA. Assessment and management of treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder in children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2015;54:251-62.

Seibell PJ, Hollander E.Management of obsessive-compulsive disorder. F1000 Prime Rep. 2014;6:68.

Pittenger C, Bloch MH. Pharmacological treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2014;37:375-91.

Häge A, Weymann L, Bliznak L, et al. Non-adherence to psychotropic medication among adolescents -A systematic review of the literature. Z Kinder Jugendpsychiatr Psychother. 2016;44:1-10.

Zullig LL, Mendys P, Bosworth HB. Medication adherence: A practical measurement selection guide using case studies.Patient Educ Couns. 2017;100:1410-4.

Farooq S, Choudry A. Adherence to medication in the community: audit cycle of interventions to improve the assessment of adherence. BJPsych Bull. 2017;41:41-4.

Bahrini L, Damak R, Cheour M. The role of the affective temperament in the treatment adherence in psychiatry. Pan Afr Med J. 2016;25:2.

Winnick S, Lucas DO, Hartman AL, et al. How do you improve compliance? Pediatrics. 2005;115:718-24.

Matsui DM. Drug compliance in pediatrics: clinical and research issues. Pediatr Clin North Am. 1997;44:1-14.

Wade M, Tai S, Awenat Y, et al. A systematic review of service-user reasons for adherence and nonadherence to neuroleptic medication in psychosis. Clin Psychol Rev. 2017;51:75-95.

Geller, Daniel A, The AACAP Committee on Quality Issues (CQI). practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2012;51:98-113.

Morisky DE, Ang A, Krousel-Wood M, et al. Predictive validity of a medication adherence measure in an outpatient setting. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2008;10:348-54.

Oğuzülgen İK, Köktürk N, Işıkdoğan Z. Turkish validation study of Morisky 8-item medication adherence questionnaire (MMAS-8) in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Tuberk Toraks. 2014:62:101-7.

Lingjærde O, Ahlfors UG, Bech P, et al. The UKU side effect rating scale. A new comprehensive rating scale for psychotropic drugs and a cross-sectional study of side effects in neuroleptic-treated patients. Acta Psychatr Scand. 1987;334:1–100.

Maina G, Albert U, Bogetto F. Relapses after discontinuation of drug associated with increased resistance to treatment in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2001;6:33-8.

Walitza S, Melfsen S, Jans T, et al. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Children and Adolescents. Deutsches Ärzteblatt International. 2011; 108:1739.

Conelea CA, Selles RR, Benito KG, et al. Secondary outcomes from the pediatric obsessive compulsive disorder treatment study II.J Psychiatr Res. 2017;92:94-100.

Smith JL, McBride NM, Storch EA. Outpatient treatment patterns of pediatric obsessive-compulsive Disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2017;27:509-15.

Olatunji BO, Davis ML, Powers MB, et al. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a meta-analysis of treatment outcome and moderators. J Psychiatr Res. 2013;47:33-41.

Wilson JS, Roman BJ. More than medication-achieving goals through psychotherapy in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder. Psychiatry. 2007;4:40-6.

Santana L, Fontenelle JM, Yücel M, et al. Rates and correlates of nonadherence to treatment in obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Psychiatr Pract. 2013;19:4253.

Mancebo MC, Pinto A, Rasmussen SA, et al. Development of the Treatment Adherence Survey-patient version (TAS-P) for OCD. J Anxiety Disord. 2008;22:32-43.

Nagoshi Y, Tominaga T, Fukui K. Blonanserin augmentation for treatmentresistant somatic symptom disorder: A case series. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2016;39:112-4.

Roberts ME, Wheeler KJ, Neiheisel MB. Medication adherence part three: strategies for improving adherence. J Am Assoc Nurse Pract. 2014;26:281-7.

Fernandez-Lazaro CI, Adams DP, Fernandez-Lazaro D, et al. Medication adherence and barriers among low-income, uninsured patients with multiple chronic conditions. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2018;pii: S15517411:30069-X.