Türk Tiyatro Alanında Örgütsel Yapılanma: Siyasetin ve Kurumsal Mantıkların Etkileri

Örgüt araştırmaları alanında önemli bir teorik çerçeve sunan kurumsal mantıklar, örgütsel alanların rakip anlam sistemleri tarafından nasıl şekillendirildiğini, aktörlerin bu sistemlerin ayrıştırılabilir bileşenlerini kimlik oluşturma, birleştirme ve dönüştürme araçları olarak nasıl kullanabildiklerini gösterir. Bu makale, kurumsal mantıkların tarihsel bir incelemesi yanında, yaratıcı bir endüstri olan Türk tiyatro alanında örgütlerin nasıl konumlandıklarına dair keşfedici bir analiz sunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, kurumsal mantıklar yaklaşımını yapılandırma (konfigürasyon) bakış açısıyla bütünleştirerek, belli kurumsal mantıkların etkisi altındaki bir endüstride örgütlerin birbirleriyle nasıl ilişkilendiklerini geniş siyasi ve sosyo-kültürel dönüşümlere dayalı olarak açıklamaktır. Bunun için, Türkiye’de 1923 ve 1980 yılları arasında İstanbul ve Ankara illerinde faaliyet yürüten profesyonel tiyatrolarca oynanan oyunların verisi toplanmıştır. Bu veriye dayanarak tiyatro topluluklarının üç farklı zaman diliminde ve bir endüstri haritası üzerinde birbirlerine göre nasıl konumlandıkları incelenmiştir. Yapılan tarihsel analiz, seçilen dönemlerde Türk tiyatrosuna iki kurumsal mantığın hâkim olduğunu göstermektedir; aydınlanma mantığı ve eleştirel-estetik mantık. Çok boyutlu ölçekleme (MDS) analizi ve benzerlik hesaplaması sonuçları ise, her dönemde farklı tiyatro kümelerinin ortaya çıktığını, bunun da hâkim mantıklar ile beraber bu mantıkların dayandığı politik ideolojilerin doğrudan bir sonucu olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışmada tanımlanan ve yorumlanan konfigürasyonlar, endüstrilerin kurumsal mantıklar yoluyla inşasına ve dönüşümüne dair anlayışımızı genişletmektedir. Endüstri içi varyasyonun ve değişiminin haritalanması ile örgüt gruplarının stratejik konumlanması üzerine gelecekteki tartışmalara katkı sağlanması umulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Örgütsel yapılanma, kurumsal mantıklar, politik etkiler, tiyatro, yaratıcı endüstriler, çok boyutlu ölçümleme analizi

Organizational Configuration in Turkish Theatre Industry: The Effects of Politics and Institutional Logics

As a significant theoretical framework in organization research, institutional logics show how organizational fields are shaped by competing meaning systems whose potentially decomposable components can be used by organizational actors as vehicles for identity building, combination and conversion. This paper presents a historical research of institutional logics and an exploratory analysis for locating organizations in a creative industry; Turkish theatre. Integrating institutional logics research with configurations perspective, I intend to contribute to the understanding of how organizations are related in an industry under strong influence of institutional logics and how this configurations changes over time based on broader political and socio-cultural transformations. Drawing on longitudinal data on the plays performed by professional theatre companies in Istanbul and Ankara between 1923 and 1980, I investigate how theatres are situated on a spatial map in three different time periods. First, the historical review indicates that two institutional logics dominated Turkish theatre in the chosen periods; enlightenment logic and critical-aesthetics logic. Second, the results of the multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis reveals that diverse theatre clusters emerged in each period, as a direct outcome of the prevalent logics and the political ideologies behind them. Mapping of intra-industry variation and how it changes will contribute to the future discussions on the strategic positioning of organizations.

Keywords:

Organizational configuration, institutional logics, political effects, theatre, creative industries, multidimensional scaling,

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