Yenilenebilir Enerjinin Teşvikine Yönelik Uluslararası Kamu Politikaları Üzerine Bir İnceleme1

Yenilenebilir kaynaklardan enerji üretimi yaygınlaştıkça fosil yakıt ithalatına olan gereksinim azalacaktır. Bu öncelikle arz güvenliği açısından önemlidir. Enerji ihtiyacının yerli kaynaklardan sağlanması, aynı zamanda enerjide dışa bağımlı ülkelerde cari dengenin sağlanmasına da katkı sağlayacaktır. Kaldı ki, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının çevreye de faydası vardır. Yenilenebilir kaynak kullanımı yaygınlaştıkça fosil yakıtların iklim üzerindeki zararlı etkileri azalacaktır. Sayılan bu faydalarından dolayı dünyada yenilenebilir enerji yatırımlarının teşviki için çeşitli kamu politikaları (tarife garantisi, portföy standardı, vergi teşviki gibi) uygulanmaktadır. Çalışma bu politikaları; temel ve vergi teşvikleri başlığı altında iki ayrı kategorinde incelemekte ve Türkiye için bazı önerilerde (gelir, harcama, emlak ve MTV ayrıcalıkları gibi) bulunmaktadır

An Examination on International Public Policies to Promote Renewable Energy

As energy production from renewable sources becomes widespread, necessity of fossil fuel import decreases. This is primarily important with regard to security of energy supply. The ensurement of energy needs from domestic sources will also contribute to current account balance in energydependent countries. Moreover, renewable energy resources are also beneficial to the environment. As the use of renewable resources becomes more widespread, the harmful effects of fossil fuels on the climate will be reduced. Due to these benefits, various public policies (such as feed-in tariff, renewable portfolio standard, tax incentive) are applied to promote renewable energy investments all over the world. The study examines these policies under two separate headings as basic incentives and tax incentives and makes a number of proposals for Turkey (such as; income, expenditure, property and motor vehicle tax incentives).

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