PİRAMAGRUN ANTİKLİNALİ’NİN GÜNEYDOĞUSUNUN STRATİGRAFİSİ VE YAPISAL JEOLOJİSİ, SÜLEYMANİYE, KUZEYDOĞU IRAK

Piramagrun Antiklinali (veya Piramagrun Dağı) Süleymaniye şehrinin kuzeybatısına doğru uzanır, Kuzeydoğu Irak vebölgenin kuzeydoğu kesimi diğer birçok küçük kıvrım ile birlikte Harmetool ve Yakhyian isimli diğer iki antiklinali vesenklinallerini de içerir. Antiklinalde son yıllarda yoğun petrol aramaları gerçekleştirilmiş ve 3000 metre derinliğe kadarbir sondaj kuyusu açılmıştır ancak, herhangi bir petrol veya doğal gaz bulgusuna rastlanamamıştır. Bu çalışmada, güneydoğu kesimi stratigrafik ve yapısal açıdan incelenmekte olup bölgede petrol olmamasının nedenlerini tespit edebilmekiçin önceki çalışmalar eleştirel bir şekilde gözden geçirilmektedir. Çalışmada, antiklinalin stratigrafisi tanımlanır veKometan, Gulneri, Dokan, Balambo ve Sarmord formasyonları jeoloji haritasına ve stratigrafik istife işaretlenir; ayrıca,daha önceden yaşları tespit edilmemiş aralıkların yaşlandırılmasında nannofossiller kullanılır. Gulneri Formasyonununkalınlığı 2-4 metre arasında olup nannofosil analiziyle yaşı Geç Senomaniyen-Erken Turoniyen olarak tespit edilmiştir.Dokan formasyonunun ve Balambo formasyonunun üst seviyesinin litolojisi ve tabakalanma tipleri Kometan Formasyonuna çok benzer ve fosillerle veya kılavuz seviye olan Gulneri Formasyonuyla ayırt edilmiştir. Gulneri Formasyonunun mostrası yumuşak olduğu için ayırt etmede yardımcıdır ve arazide koyu rengiyle kolaylıkla farkedilir. Antiklinalinyapısı, bazı yerlerde güneybatıya dalımlı asimetrik antiklinallerden oluştuğu için bazı yerlerde ise devrik kıvrımlaradönüştüğü ve ters faylarla deforme olduğu için komplekstir. Antiklinaller, Gulneri ve Sarmord Formasyonlarındakisıyırmalar ve diğer yaşlı yumuşak kayaçlarla şekillenir. Oluşan antiklinaller, çoklu-sıyrılma kıvrımı veya çoklu-sıyrılmafaylı kıvrım tipindedir.

STRATİGRAPHY AND STRUCTURE OF THE SOUTHEASTERN PART OF PİRAMAGROON ANTİCLİNE, SULAİMANİ AREA, NORTHEAST IRAQ

The Piramagroon anticline (or Pira Magrun Mountain) elongates directly to the northwest of Sulaimani city, Northeast Iraq and its southeastern part contains two other anticlines, named Harmetool and Yakhyian anticlines in addition to their complementary synclines and many other smaller folds. The anticline has experienced intense search for oil in the last few years and a well is drilled to a depth of 3000 meters but, any evidence of oil or gas wasn’t found. In the present study, the southeastern part has been studied stratigraphically and structurally and the previous studies have been critically reviewed which may help to reason about the absence of oil in the area. In this study the stratigraphy of the anticline has been determined and Kometan, Gulneri, Dokan, Balambo and Sarmord formations have been plotted on a geological map and stratigraphic column and the nannofossils have been used for the aging of intervals with undetermined ages. The thickness of the Gulneri Formation is 2-4 m and by the analysis of nannofossils its age was identified as Late Cenomanian-Early Turonian. Lithology and bedding styles of the Dokan and Upper part of the Balambo formations are very similar to Kometan Formation and they can be determined either by fossils or by using Gulneri Formation as marker bed. The outcrop of the Gulneri Formation is helpful for differentiation since it is soft and can be recognized easily in the field by its darker color. The structure of the anticline is relatively complex as it consists of asymmetrical anticlines with southwest plunge mainly in few places while it changes to overturned fold in others and is deformed by reverse fault. The anticlines are shaped by detachments on the Gulneri and Sarmord formations and by the other older soft rocks. The newly formed anticlines have the style of multi-detachment fold or multi-detachment faulted fold.

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