Barış Çalışmalarında Sosyal Temsiller Kuramı: Gruplararası Farklılıklar ve Bağlamsal Etkiler

Sosyal inşacı yaklaşımlardan biri olan sosyal temsiller kuramı barış, savaş ve çatışmanın doğası, süreci ve sonuçlarının anlaşılmasına katkı sunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada sosyal temsiller kuramı çerçevesinde yürütülen barış, savaş ve çatışma ile ilişkili çalışmalar bağlamsal etkiler göz önünde bulundurarak incelenmiştir. Hem nitel hem de nicel araştırmaların bulgularının incelendiği bu çalışmada barış ve savaş temsillerinde cinsiyete ve yaşa göre ayrışmalar olduğu; aynı zamanda tarihsel, politik ve kültürel bağlamlara özgü olarak barış ve savaş temsillerinin içeriklerinin toplumsal gruplara ve uluslara göre farklılaştığı ve dönemsel olaylardan etkilenerek değiştiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Öte yandan incelenen boylamsal çalışmalarda sosyal temsillerin özünün büyük ölçüde korunduğu, çevresel elementlerde güncel toplumsal tartışmalara bağlı olarak değişimler olduğu dikkati çekmektedir. Bu yönüyle barış ve savaş temsilleri tarihsel süreç içerisinde nesiller boyu aktarılan özelliklere sahip olsa da, zamanın koşullarından etkilenerek dinamik bir yapı da sergilemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Sosyal Temsiller Kuramı, Barış, Savaş, Çatışma, Gruplararası Farklılıklar, Bağlamsal Etkiler

Social Representations Theory in Peace Studies: Intergroup Differences and Contextual Effects

Social representation theory is a social constructivist approach used as a tool to understand the nature, process, and consequences of peace, war, and conflict. Here, we examined studies related to peace, war, and conflict conducted within the framework of the theory of social representations by considering contextual effects. The findings of both qualitative and quantitative studies suggest that there are differences in the representations of peace and war based on gender and age. In addition, the contents of the representations of peace and war specific to historical, political, and cultural contexts differ according to social groups and nations and change as a result of the influences of periodic events. Nevertheless, it is also needed to note that the core of social representations has shown to be preserved to a great extent in the longitudinal studies examined, and there are changes in periphery elements depending on current social debates. In thisrespect, although the representations of peace and war have features that have been passed down through generations in the historical process, they also exhibit a dynamic structure influenced by the conditions of the time.

Keywords:

Social Representations Theory, Peace, War, Conflict, Intergroup Differences, Contextual Effects,

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