Dini ve Dünyevi "Hac"

Türkiye’deki köylülerin Mekke’ye yaptıkları hac ile Avrupa'daki göçmen Türk köylülerinin doğdukları köylere yaptıkları yolculuklar karşılaştırıldığında bu iki yolculuğun hacı ve göçmen kategorilerinde olduğu gibi “dinî” ve “dünyevi” kategorileri arasındaki sınırları da bulanıklaştırdığı iddia edilebilir. Göçmenler ile hacıların ülke sınırlarını aştığı gibi bilim insanları da disiplin sınırlarını aşmalıdır. Bu köylüler için Mekke ve köyleri, onlarda gurbet hissi uyandıran, dışarıdaki merkezleridir. Oraya tam olarak yerleşmeme ama gidebildiklerinde orayı ziyaret etme nedenleri, zihinlerindeki bu imajın yok olmaması için olmalıdır. Böylece onlar, yaşadıkları yerin kendi evleri olmadığını düşünecek, ilk, gerçek ve nihai evlerinin neresi olduğunu hep zihinlerinde canlı tutabileceklerdir. C. Delaney, köylülerin Mekke’ye yaptıkları hac gibi göçmenlerin evlerine yaptıkları bu zorlu yolculuğun da ritüelistik ve zorunlu karakterini örtülü şekilde yapılandıran ve anlaşılır hale getiren sembolik bir model sunduğunu ileri sürmektedir. Her biri kendine ait retorik ve sembolleri olan göç ve hac gibi ayrı alanlar yerine farklı anlaşılırlık dereceleriyle hayal gücünü şekillendiren ve Müslümanların davranışını motive eden bazı güçlü anahtar semboller olabileceğini öne sürerek böyle bir projeye girişmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İslam, sembolizm, hac, Türk köylüleri, göçmenler

The “Hajj”: Sacred and Secular

Compared to the pilgrimage of villagers in Turkey to Mecca and the journey of immigrant Turkish villagers in Europe to the villages where they were born, it can be claimed that these two journeys blur the boundaries between the "sacred" and "secular" categories, as in the hajj and migrant categories. As migrants and pilgrims cross the country's borders, scholars also must cross the boundaries of discipline. For these peasants, Mecca and their villages are the outside centers that give them a feeling of expatriate. The reasons for not settling there fully but visiting it when they can go, should be to ensure that this image in their minds does not disappear. So they will think that their place is not their own home, and they will always be able to keep alive in their minds where their first, real and final homes are. Delaney argues that this arduous journey to the homes of migrants, such as the pilgrimage of the villagers to Mecca, offers a symbolic model that implicitly structures the ritualistic and obligatory character and makes it understandable. She embarks on such a project, arguing that there may be some powerful key symbols that shape their imagination with different degrees of intelligibility and motivate the behavior of Muslims, rather than separate areas such as migration and pilgrimage, each with its own rhetoric and symbols.

Keywords:

Islam, Symbolism, Hajj, Turkish peasants, Immigrants,

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