KAMURAN KAYA, ERDAL SERTKAYA, İLHAN ÜREMİŞ, SONER SOYLU

Determination of Chemical Composition and Fumigant Insecticidal Activities of Essential Oils of Some Medicinal Plants Against the Adults of Cowpea Weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus

Chemical composition and fumigant insecticidal activities ofessential oils obtained from oregano ( Origanum syriacum L.),lavender ( Lavandula angustifolia L.), sage ( Salvia officinalis L.,),fennel ( Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) and laurel ( Laurus nobilis L.)plants were investigated against the adults of cowpea weevil,Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Based onGC-MS analysis, total number of compounds determined in oregano,lavender, sage, fennel and laurel essential oils were 25, 33, 23, 23,42, respectively. Carvacrol (66.66%), trans -anethol (79.17%), 1,8-cineole (50.0%), camphor (30.46%) and linalyl acetate (35.66%) werefound as the most abundant compounds, respectively. Bioassayresults revealed that essential oils, at 30.0 or 40.0 μg ml -1 air,resulted in 100% adult mortality of C. maculatus . Insecticidalactivity was increased in response to increased concentration ofessential oil. Among the essential oils tested, oregano showed thehighest fumigant toxicity at relatively lower concentration (30.0 μgml -1 ). Complete adult mortality (100%) caused by fennel, laurel, sageand lavender essential oils at the concentrations of 40.0 μg ml -1 air.The LC 50 and LC 90 values for each essential oil were estimated byusing probit analysis. The lowest LC 50 value was estimated for sageessential oil (8.79 μg ml -1 ) followed by oregano (11.17 μg ml -1 ),lavender (11.64 μg ml -1 ), laurel (13.59 μg ml -1 ) and fennel (17.46 μgml -1 ), respectively. The results revealed that plant essential oilsmight be used in research aiming the development of newenvironmental friendly control agents against stored-product pestssuch as cowpea weevil.

Bazı Tıbbi Bitkilerden Elde Edilen Uçucu Yağların Kimyasal Bileşenlerinin Belirlenmesi ve Börülce Tohum Böceği, Callosobruchus maculatus Erginlerine Karşı Fümigant İnsektisidal Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi

Origanum ( Origanum syriacum L.), lavanta ( Lavandula angustifolia L.), adaçayı ( Salvia officinalis L.), rezene ( Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) ve defne ( Laurus nobilis L.) bitkilerinden elde edilen uçucu yağların kimyasal bileşenleri ve fümigant insektisit etkinliği bakla tohum böceği Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) erginlerine karşı araştırılmıştır. GC-MS analiz sonucuna göre, origanum, lavanta, adaçayı, rezene ve defne bitki uçucu yağlarında sırasıyla 25, 33, 23, 23, 42 adet bileşen belirlenmiştir. Carvacrol (%66.66), trans -anethol (%79.17), 1,8- cineole (%50.0), camphor (%30.46) ve linalyl acetate (%35.66) bu bitkilerin uçucu yağlarında ana bileşenler olarak belirlenmiştir. Biyolojik etkinlik çalışmaları tüm uçucu yağların 30.0 ve 40.0 μg ml - 1 hava konsantrasyonları C. maculans erginleri üzerinde %100 ölümlere neden olduğunu göstermiştir. Uçucu yağların insektisit etkinliği artan konsantrasyonlara bağlı olarak artış göstermiştir. Test edilen uçucu yağlar arasında, origanum uçucu yağı daha düşük konsantrasyonda (30.0 μg ml -1 hava) en yüksek etkinlik göstermiştir. Rezene, defne, adaçayı ve lavanta uçucu yağları ise 40.0 μgml -1 hava konsantrasyonunda %100 ergin ölümlerine neden olmuştur. Her bir uçucu yağın LC 50 ve LC 90 değerleri probit analizi ile belirlenmiştir. En düşük LC 50 değeri adaçayı (8.79 μg ml -1 ) için belirlenmiş olup, bunu sırasıyla origanum (11.17 μg ml -1 ), lavanta (11.64 μg ml -1 ), defne (13.59 μg ml -1 ) ve rezene (17.46 μg ml -1 ) uçucu yağları takip etmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar bitki uçucu yağlarının börülce tohum böceği gibi depolanmış ürün zararlılarının kontrolünde yeni çevre dostu aktif maddelerin araştırıldığı çalışmalarda kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

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