Zri-Rab: Sri Lanka’nın Eski Fresklerinden Yeni Bir Yaylı Çalgı

MS 12-13'te inşa edilen Thivanka Pilimage adlı antik tapınağın içinde, Lord Buddha'nın yaşam olaylarına ve Jataka masallarına dayanan birkaç tablo tasvir edilmiştir. Resimlerin bir panelinde uzun boyunlu bir lavta tutan bir erkek ya da kadın betimlenmiştir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Thivanka Pilimage'de tasvir edilen Uzun Boyunlu lavta yaylı çalgısının formuna uygun, modern müzikte kullanılabilecek bir müzik aletini yeniden inşa etmektir. Bu, Organoloji disiplini altında pratik testleri içeren deneysel bir araştırmadır. İkonografi analizi ve morfolojik analog, eski lavta formuyla uyumlu bir müzik aleti tasarlamak ve inşa etmek için gereken yapı ve unsurların nasıl organize edileceğini keşfetmek için kullanıldı. Ortadoğu bölgesinde kullanılan Tar adlı yaylı çalgı, antik formu değiştirmeden modern müzikte kullanılabilecek bir yaylı çalgıyı yeniden oluşturmak için gereken yapı ve unsurların düzenlenmesi hakkında bilgi vermektedir. Böylece, antikite ve modernizmin birleşmesi, Zri-rab adı verilen telli çalgının yeniden canlanmasına yol açtı.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Long-necked lute, Sgra-snyan, Thivanka Pilimage, Tar, Zri-rab

The Zri-Rab: A New String Instrument from the Ancient Frescos of Sri Lanka

Inside the ancient temple of Thivanka Pilimage (Thivanka Image House), which was built in Polonnaruwa between the 12th-13th centuries AD, several frescoes were depicted based on Buddha’s life events and the Jataka tales. Before all these frescoes faded, draftsmen working for the Archaeological Survey of Ceylon copied them. Among the frescoes the draftsman P. G. Perera copied is one that depicts a man or woman holding a long-necked lute. The purpose of the present research is to interpret this string instrument and reconstruct a physical string instrument that is consistent in form. This study involves experimental research and falls under the music discipline of organology. The study uses iconographic analyses and morphological analogues to discover how to organize the structure and elements needed to design and build a musical instrument that is consistent with the ancient form of the long-necked lute. The tar (long-necked lute) and sgra-snyan (7-string long-necked lute, also known as dramyin) are string instruments used in modern times that have also been identified as morphologically similar to the string instrument depicted in the Thivanka Pilimage. The tar used in the Middle East provides information on how to organize the structure and elements needed to reconstruct a string instrument that can be used in modern music without changing the ancient form. In this way, the merging of antiquity and modernism has led to the revival of the string instrument called the zri-rab.

Keywords:

Long-necked lute, Thivanka Pilimage, Sgra-snyan, Tar, Zri-rab,

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