Pelin ÜNSAL, Sonay ÖZDEMİR, Nazlı Hilal EROĞLU BAYRAK

ERİŞKİN HASTALARIN İNFLUENZA, PNÖMOKOK, HERPES ZOSTER VE TETANOS AŞILARI HAKKINDA TUTUM VE DAVRANIŞLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: TEK MERKEZLİ ANKET ÇALIŞMASI

AMAÇ: Erişkin aşılaması, koruyucu sağlık hizmetlerinin anahtar bileşenidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, aile hekimliği polikliniklerine başvuran hastaların erişkin aşıları ve aşılama oranları hakkındaki bilgilerini değerlendirmektir. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışmaya toplam 442 hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların demografik ve klinik özellikleri değerlendirildi. Hastaların influenza, pnömoni, herpes zoster ve tetanos aşı durumları ve erişkin aşıları hakkındaki bilgi düzeyleri sorgulandı. BULGULAR: Hastaların ortanca yaşı 42 (min-maks: 18-97) olup 227'si (%51,4) kadındı. Tetanos için aşılama oranları %32,6, influenza için %21,7, pnömokok aşısı için %3,6 ve herpes zoster için %2,5 olarak bulundu. Komorbiditesi olan hastaların aşılanma oranları beklenenden daha düşük bulundu. Geriatrik hastalarda pnömokok aşılama oranı %2,8, tetanos aşılama oranı %19,7, influenza aşılama oranı %33,8’idi. 65 yaş üstü hiçbir hasta herpes zoster aşı yaptırmamıştı. Üniversite mezunlarında herpes zoster, pnömokok ve tetanos aşısı yaptıranların oranı daha yüksekti. Hastaların aşı yaptırmama nedenleri arasında yan etki korkusu (%20), aşıya ulaşma zorluğu (%6), aşı fiyatlarının yüksekliği yer alırken (%1), hastaların %16’sı aşının yararlarına inanmadığını belirtti. SONUÇ: Çalışma grubumuzda erişkin bağışıklama hızı beklenen seviyenin altındadır ve bu oranı artırmak için hastaların erişkin aşıları konusunda bilinçlendirilmesi önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Koruyucu hekimlik, Aşılama, İnsan İnfluenzası, Tetanos

EVALUATION OF ADULT PATIENTS' ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIORS ABOUT INFLUENZA, PNEUMOCOCCAL, HERPES ZOSTER AND TETANUS VACCINES: A SINGLE-CENTER SURVEY STUDY

OBJECTIVE: The key component of preventive health care is adult immunization. The aim of this study was to assess the patients’ knowledge about adult vaccination and the vaccination rates of patients admitted to the family medicine outpatient clinics. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 442 patients were included in the study. Patient demographic and clinic characteristics were evaluated. Patients' vaccination status with influenza, pneumococcal vaccine, herpes zoster, and tetanus and their knowledge levels about adult vaccines were questioned. RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 42 (min-max: 18-97) and 227 (51.4%) of them were female. Vaccination rates were found 32.6% for tetanus, 21.7% for influenza, 3.6% for pneumococcal, and 2.5% for herpes zoster. Patients with co-morbidities vaccination rates were found to be very low. The pneumococcal vaccination rate was 2.8%, the tetanus vaccination rate was 19.7% , and the influenza vaccination rate was 33.8% in geriatric patients. No patient older than 65 has ever received the zona vaccination. The rate of patients who had herpes zoster, pneumococcal vaccine, and tetanus vaccine was higher among university graduates. Fear of side effects (20%), difficulty in accessing the vaccine (6%), high vaccination prices (1%) were among the reasons why patients did not have vaccinated, and 16% of the patients stated that they did not believe in the benefits of vaccine. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, we are still far below the desired levels of adult vaccination in our study population, and it is important to increase patients awareness of adult immunizations.

Keywords:

Preventive medicine, Vaccination, Influenza, Tetanus,

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