Kadınların Gebelikleri Süresince Fiziksel Aktivite ve Egzersiz Yapma Durumları ve Etkileyen Faktörler

Amaç: Bu çalışmada gebe kadınların gebelikleri sürecinde fiziksel aktivite ve egzersiz yapma durumlarını ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırma kesitsel olarak, 3 Mart ve 29 Haziran 2022 tarihleri arasında üçüncü trimesterde olan 220 düşük riskli gebe ile bir Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi'nde gerçekleştirildi. Araştırma verileri yazarlar tarafından geliştirilen formlar ile yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle toplandı. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan gebelerden %35,9’unun gebelik öncesi düzenli egzersiz yaptığı ve %25,9’inin gebelikte düzenli egzersiz yaptığı görüldü. Gebelikte en fazla yapılan egzersizler yürüyüş ve pilates idi. Gebelerin fiziksel aktivitesi değerlendirildiğinde %80,5’inin sedanter olduğu görüldü. Gebelikte egzersiz yapma oranı gebeliği planlı olanlarda planlı olmayanlarla karşılaştırıldığında 4,04 kat (aOR 4,04, %95 GA 1,33-12,27) ve gebelik öncesi düzenli egzersiz yapanlarda yapmayanlara göre 30,57 kat (aOR 30,57, %95 GA 12,53-74,55) daha fazlaydı. Yine gebeliğinde obez olanlarla karşılaştırıldığında obez olmayanların 0,36 kat fiziksel olarak daha aktif oldukları görüldü (aOR 0,36, %95 GA 0,16-0,84). Benzer şekilde gebelik öncesi egzersiz yapan kadınların yapmayanlarla karşılaştırıldığında 10,51 kat fiziksel olarak daha aktif oldukları belirlendi (aOR 10,51, %95 GA 4,60-24,02). Sonuç: Araştırmada gebelikte egzersiz yapma ve fiziksel olarak aktif olma oranlarının düşük olduğu, gebeliğin planlı olması ve gebelik öncesi düzenli egzersiz yapmanın gebelikte egzersiz davranışını artırdığı ve obezitenin fiziksel aktiviteyi azalttığı sonuçlarına varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

doğum öncesi bakım, egzersiz, ebelik, fiziksel aktivite, gebelik

Determination of Pregnant Women's Physical Activity and Exercise Status During Pregnancy and Affecting Factors

Objective: This study aims to determine pregnant women's physical activity and exercise status during pregnancy and affecting factors. Methods: The research was conducted in a cross-sectional design with 220 low-risk pregnant women who were in their third trimester between March 3 and June 29 2022 at Training and Research Hospital. Research data were collected by face-to-face interview method using the forms developed by the authors. Results: It was seen that among the pregnant women who participated in the research, 35.9% exercised regularly before pregnancy and 25.9% regularly exercised during pregnancy. The most common exercises performed during pregnancy were walking and pilates. The assessment of the physical activity of pregnant women revealed that 80.5% were sedentary. The rate of exercising during pregnancy was 4.04 times (aOR 4.04, 95% CI 1.33-12.27) higher in women with planned pregnancies compared to unplanned pregnancies and 30.57 times higher in women who exercised regularly before pregnancy compared to those who did not do so (aOR 30.57, 95% CI 12.53-74.55). Likewise, compared to those who were obese during pregnancy, non-obese ones were 0.36 times more physically active (aOR 0.36, 95% CI 0.16-0.84). Similarly, it was established that women who exercised before pregnancy were 10.51 times more physically active than those who did not (aOR 10.51, 95% CI 4.60-24.02). Conclusion: In the research, it was concluded that the rates of exercising and being physically active during pregnancy were low, that planned pregnancy and regular exercise before pregnancy increased exercise behavior during pregnancy, and that obesity decreases physical activity.

Keywords:

exercise, pregnancy, physical activity, prenatal care, midwifery,

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