Kocaeli İlindeki Alerjik Rinitli Hastaların Deri Prick Testindeki Alerjen Reaktiviteleri

Amaç: Alerjik rinit (AR)’in tanı ve tedavisinde belirli bir coğrafi bölgedeki AR’yi tetikleyen en yaygın aeroalerjenlerin belirlenmesi önemli bir role sahiptir. Bu çalışma, Kocaeli ilinde yaşayan AR'li hastalarda aeroalerjen duyarlılığının prevalansını değerlendirmektedir. Yöntem: Bu tek merkezli kesitsel tanımlayıcı çalışma, üçüncü basamak bir hastanenin rinoloji kliniğinde AR öntanısı ile değerlendirilen hastalara ait deri prik testi (DPT) sonuçlarının retrospektif bir incelemesini içermektedir. Bulgular: AR tanılı 85 hastanın DPT sonuçları analiz edildi. Ev tozu akarları (HDM) en yüksek pozitif test yanıtı sıklığına sahipti (%57.6), bunu ağaç poleni (%40.0), çim poleni (%36.5), yabani ot poleni (%32.9), hamamböceği (%18.8), hayvan tüyü (%14.1) ve küf (%11.8) izledi. Hastaların çoğunluğu polisensitize idi (57.6%) ve bu hastalarda en sık görülen alerjenler sırasıyla ağaç poleni (%61.2), çim poleni (%57.1) ve HDM (%55.1) idi. Monosensitize kişilerde en yaygın tek alerjen %61.1 ile HDM idi. Sonuç: Kocaeli bölgesinde AR hastaları arasında en sık görülen alerjen HDM'dir, bunu ağaç poleni ve çim polenleri izlemektedir. Polisensitizasyon, monosensitizasyondan daha çok yaygındır. Kocaeli bölgesi hastalarında alerjik rinit tanı ve tedavisinde bu alerjenler öncelikli olarak düşünülmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Alerjik rinit, alerjen prevalansı, deri prick testi, duyarlılık, Kocaeli

Skin Prick Test Reactivity to Common Allergens among Allergic Rhinitis Patients in Kocaeli Province, Turkey

Objective: The identification of the most common aeroallergens causing allergic rhinitis (AR) in a specific geographic area is important in the diagnosis and treatment of AR. This study evaluates the prevalence of sensitivity to aeroallergens among patients with AR who live in Kocaeli province, Turkey. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study included a retrospective review of skin prick test (SPT) results from patients with suspected AR who were examined at a tertiary hospital rhinology clinic. Results: The SPT results of 85 patients with an AR diagnosis were included in this study. House dust mites (HDM) had the highest frequency of positive test responses (57.6%), followed by tree pollen (40.0%), grass pollen (36.5%), weed pollen (32.9%), cockroach (18.8%), animal dander (14.1%), and mold (11.8%). The majority of the AR patients were polysensitized (57.6%), and the most common allergens in polysensitized patients were tree pollen (61.2%), grass pollen (57.1%), and HDM (55.1%), respectively. The strongest single allergen in monosensitized subjects was HDM, with a rate of 61.1%. Conclusion: The most prevalent allergen was HDM among AR patients in the Kocaeli region, followed by tree pollen and grass pollen. Polisensitization occurs more frequently than monosensitization. These allergens should be prioritized in the diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis in Kocaeli region patients.

Keywords:

allergic rhinitis, allergen prevalences, skin prick test, sensitization, Kocaeli,

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