___

• Kaynaklar 1.White ML, Doherty GM, Gauger PG. Evidence-based surgi-cal management of substernal goiter. World J Surg2008;32:1285–300. 2.Hedayati N, McHenry CR. The clinical presentation and ope-rative managementof nodular and diffuse substernal thyroiddisease. Am Surg 2002;68(3):245–51[discussion 251-2]. 3.E. Brenet, X. Dubernard , J.C. Mérol , M.A. Louges , M. Lab-rousse , M. Makeieff Assessment and management of cervi-co-mediastinal goiter. European Annals of Otorhinolaryngo-logy, Head and Neck diseases (2017), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anorl.2017.06.001 4.Vaiman M, Bekerman I. Anatomical approach to surgery forintrathoracic goiter. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol (2017)274:1029–1034 5.V. Di Crescenzo , M. Vitale , L. Valvano , F. Napolitano , A.Vatrella , P. Zeppa , G. De Rosa , B. Amato , P. Laperuta .Surgical management of cervico-mediastinal goiters: Our ex-perience and review of the literatüre. International Journalof Surgery 28 (2016) S47eS53 6.Hardy RG, Bliss RD, Lennard TW, Balasubramanian SP, Har-rison BJ. Management of retrosternal goitres. Ann R Coll SurgEngl 2009;91:8–11. 7.Aldo Bove, Raffaella Maria Di Renzo, Gauro D’Urbano, Ma-nuela Bellobono, Vincenzo D’ Addetta, Alfonso Lapergola, Giu-seppe Bongarzoni. Preoperative risk factors in total thyroi-dectomy of substernal goiter. Therapeutics and Clinical RiskManagement 2016:12 1805–1809 8.Charles T. Huins, Christos Georgalas, Homoyoon Mehrzad,Neil S. Tolley. A new classification system for retrosternal go-itre based on a systematic review of its complications and ma-nagement. International Journal of Surgery (2008) 6, 71e76 9.Pandya S, Sanders LE. Use of a Foley catheter in the remo-val of a substernal goiter. Am J Surg 1998;175(2):155-7.