___

• 1. Bo S, Ciccone G, Gancia R, Rosato R, Grassi G, Merletti F, et al. Mortality within the first 10 years of the disease in type 2 diabetic patients. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2006;16:8–12. 2. Beisswenger, P. J., Drummond, K. S., Nelson, R. G., Howell, S. K., Szwergold, B. S., & Mauer, M. (2005). Susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy is related to dicarbonyl and oxidative stress. Diabetes, 54 (11), 3274 3281. 3. Bhatia, S., Shukla, R., Venkata Madhu, S., Kaur Gambhir, J., & Madhava Prabhu, K. (2003). Antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide end products in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus with nephropathy. Clinical Biochemistry, 36(7), 557 562 4. Mastorikou, M, Mackness, M, Mackness, B. Defective metabolism of oxidised-phospholipid by high-density lipoprotein from people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 55 (2006). 3099-3103. 5. Haffner, S.M., Lehto, S., Ronnemaa, T., Pyorala, K., Laakso, M., 1998. Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes and in nondiabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med. 339, 229-234. 6. Nathan, D.M., Meigs, J., Singer, D.E., 1997. The epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus: how sweet it is … or is it? Lancet 350 (Suppl. 1), SI4-SI9 7. Goswami B1, Tayal D, Gupta N, Mallika V. Paraoxonase: a multifaceted biomolecule Clin Chim Acta. 2009 Dec;410(1- 2):1-12. Review. 8. Iwamoto Y, Maruhashi T, Fujii Y, et al. Intima-media thickness of brachial artery, vascular function, and cardiovascular risk factors. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012;32:2295-2303. 9. Picard S, Talussot C, Serusclat A, Ambrosio N, Berthezene F. Minimally oxidised LDL as estimated by a new method increase in plasma of type 2 diabetic patients with atherosclerosis or nephropathy. Diabetes Metab Paris 1996;22:25-30. 10. ARIC study Investigators, Iribarren C, Folsom AR, Jacobs DR, Gross MD Jr., Belcher JD, Eckfeldt JH. Association of serum vitamin levels, LDL susceptibility to oxidation, and autoantibodies against MDA-LDL with carotid atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997;17:1171-7. 11. Mackness B, Hunt R, Durrington PN, Mackness MI. increased immunolocalization of parraoxonase, clusterin, and apolipoprotein A-I in the human artery with the progression of atherosclerosis. 1997;17:1233-38. 12. Mackness, B, Mackness, MI, Arrol, S, Turkie, W, Julier, K, Abuashia, B, Miller, JE, Boulton, AJM, Durrington, PN. Serum paraoxonase (PON1) 55 and 192 polymorphism and paraoxonase activity and concentration in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Atherosclerosis 139 (1998), 341-349. 13. Mackness MI, Arrol S, Durrington PN. Paraoxonase prevents accumulation of lipoperoxides in low-density lipoprotein. FEBS Lett 1991;286:152-4. 14. Rozenberg O, Shiner M, Aviram M, Hayek T. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) attenuates diabetes development in mice through its antioxidative properties. Free Radic Biol Med. 2008 Jun 1;44(11):1951-9. 15. Goswami B1, Tayal D, Gupta N, Mallika V (2009) Paraoxonase: a multifaceted biomolecule Clin Chim Acta 410:1-12. Review 16. Kosaka T, Yamaguchi M, Motomura T, Mizuno K (2005) Investigation of the relationship between atherosclerosis and paraoxonase or homocysteine thiolactonase activity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using a commercially available assay. Clin Chim Acta 359:156-162. 17. Bansal S, Chawla D, Siddarth M, Banerjee BD, Madhu SV, Tripathi AK (2013) A study on serum advanced glycation end products and its association with oxidative stress and paraoxonase activity in type 2 diabetic patients with vascular complications. Clin Biochem 46:109-114. 18. Fleka M, krha J, Zídková K, Lacinová Z, Hilgertová J (2008) Paraoxonase 1 gene polymorphisms and enzyme activities in diabetes mellitus. Physiol Res 57:717-726. 19. Mastorikou M, Mackness B, Liu Y, Mackness M (2008) Glycation of paraoxonase-1 inhibits its activity and impairs the ability of high-density lipoprotein to metabolize membrane lipid hydroperoxides. Diabet Med 25:1049-1055. 20. Mackness B, Mackness MI, Arrol S, et al(1998) Serum paraoxonase (PON1) 55 and 192 polymorphism and paraoxonase activity and concentration in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Atherosclerosis 139:341-349. 21. Ikeda Y, Suehiro T, Inoue M, et al (1998) Serum paraoxonase activity and its relationship to diabetic complications in patients with non-insulindependent diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 47:598-602. 22. Sozmen EY, Sozmen B, Delen Y, Onat T (2001). Catalase/superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase/paraoxonase (PON) ratios may implicate poor glycemic control. Arch Med Res 32:283-287. 6 www.kliniktipdergisi.com 23. Abdin AA, Hassanien MA, Ibrahim EA, El-Noeman Sel-D (2010) Modulating effect of atorvastatin on paraoxonase 1 activity in type 2 diabetic Egyptian patients with or without nephropathy. J Diabetes Complications 24:325-333. 24. Abbott CA, Mackness MI, Kumar S, Boulton AJ, Durrington PN. (1995) Serum paraoxonase activity, concentration, and phenotype distribution in diabetes mellitus and its relationship to serum lipids and lipoproteins. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 15:1812-1818. 25. Mackness B, Durrington PN, Abuashia B, Boulton AJ, Mackness MI (2000) Low paraoxonase activity in type II diabetes mellitus complicated by retinopathy. Clin Sci (Lond) 98:355-363. 26. Kota SK, Meher LK, Kota SK, Jammula S, Krishna SV, Modi KD (2013) Implications of serum paraoxonase activity in obesity, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 17:402-412. 27. Gur M, Yildiz A, Demirbag R, et al (2007) Paraoxonase and arylesterase activities in patients with cardiac syndrome X, and their relationship with oxidative stress markers. Coron Artery Dis 18:89-95. 28. Kasprzak M, Iskra M, Majewski W, Wielkoszy ski T (2009) Arylesterase and paraoxonase activity of paraoxonase (PON1) affected by ischemia in the plasma of patients with arterial occlusion of the lower limbs. Clin Biochem 42:50-56. 29. Sumegova K, Blazicek P, Waczulikowa I, Zitnanova I, Durackova Z (2006) Activity of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and its relationship to markers of lipoprotein oxidation in healthy Slovaks. Acta Biochim Pol 53:783-787. 30. Ayub A, Mackness M, Arrol S, Mackness B, Patel J, Durrington P (1999) Serum paraoxonase after myocardial infarction. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 19:330-335. 31. Mackness MI, Arrol S, Durrington PN (1991) Paraoxonase prevents accumulation of lipoperoxides in low-density lipoprotein. FEBS Lett 286:152-154. 32. Dullaart RP, Otvos JD, James RW (2014) Serum paraoxonase- 1 activity is more closely related to HDL particle concentration and large HDL particles than to HDL cholesterol in Type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. Clin Biochem 47:1022-1027. 33. Watson AD, Berliner JA, Hama SY, et al (1995) Protective effect of high-density lipoprotein associated paraoxonase—inhibition of the biological activity of minimally oxidised lowdensity lipoprotein. J Clin Invest 96:2882-2891. 34. Pasqualini L, Cortese C, Marchesi S, et al (2005) Paraoxonase- 1 activity modulates endothelial function in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Atherosclerosis 183:349-354. 35. Cao H, Girard-Globa A, Serusclat A, et al (1998) Lack of association between carotid intima-media thickness and paraoxonase gene polymorphism in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Atherosclerosis 138:361-366. 36. La Du BN, Piko JI, Eckerson HW, Vincent-Viry M, Siest G (1986) An improved method for phenotyping individuals for the human serum paraoxonase arylesterase polymorphism. Ann Biol Clin 44:369-372. 37. Campo S, Sardo MA, Trimarchi G, et al (2004) The paraoxonase promoter polymorphism (-107)T>C is not associated with carotid intima-media thickness in Sicilian hypercholesterolemic patients. Clin Biochem 37:388-394. 38. Mackness B, Marsillach J, Elkeles RS, et al (2012) Paraoxonase- 1 is not associated with coronary artery calcification in type 2 diabetes: results from the PREDICT study. Dis Markers 33:101-112 39. Koren-Gluzer M, Aviram M, Meilin E, Hayek T (2011) The antioxidant HDL-associated paraoxonase-1 (PON1) attenuates diabetes development and stimulates -cell insulin release. Atherosclerosis 219:510-518. 40. Kikkawa R, Koya D, Haneda M (2003) Progression of diabetic nephropathy. Am Jof Kidney Dis 41(3 Suppl 1):S19-S21.