___

• 1. Diez-Perez A, Hooven FH, Adachi JD, et al. Regional differences in treatment for osteoporosis. The Global Longitudinal Study of Osteoporosis in Women (GLOW). Bone 2011; 49: 493–98.
• 2. Schakman O, Gilson H, Thissen JP. Mechanisms of glucocorticoidinduced myopathy. J Endocrinol 2008; 197: 1–10.
• 3. Weinstein RS. Glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis. Endocrine 2012; 41: 183–90.)
• 4. Van Staa TP, Leufkens HG, Cooper C. The epidemiology of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis: a meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int 2002;13(10):777-87.
• 5. Seibel MJ, Cooper MS, Zhou H. Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: mechanisms, management, and future perspectives. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2013 Sep;1(1):59-70.
• 6. Mazziotti G, Canalis E, Giustina A. Drug-induced Osteoporosis: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.The American Journal of Medicine 2010; 123, 877-884.
• 7. Van Staa TP, Leufkens HG, Abenhaim L, Zhang B, Cooper C. Oral corticosteroids and fracture risk: relationship to daily and cumulative doses. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2000; 39: 1383–89.
• 8. De Vries F, Bracke M, Leufkens HG, Lammers JW, Cooper C, Van Staa TP. Fracture risk with intermittent high dose oral glucocorticoid therapy. Arthritis Rheum 2007;56 (1):208-14.
• 9. Civitelli R, Ziambaras K. Epidemiology of GCinduced osteoporosis. J Endocrinol Invest 2008;31(7 Suppl):2-6.
• 10. Olney RC. Mechanisms of impaired growth: effect of steroids on bone and cartilage. Horm Res 2009;72 Suppl 1:30-5.
• 11. Pennisi P, Trombetti A, Rizzoli R. Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and its treatment. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2006;443:39-47.
• 12. De Nijs RN. Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: a review on pathophysiology and treatment options. Minerva Med 2008;99:23-43.
• 13. Goemaere S, Liberman UA, Adachi JD, et al. Incidence of nonvertebral fractures in relation to time on treatment and bone density in glucocorticoid-treated patients: a retrospective approach. J Clin Rheumatol 2003; 9: 170–75.
• 14. Tatsuno I, Sugiyama T, Suzuki S, et al. Age dependence of early www.102 kliniktipdergisi.com symptomatic vertebral fracture with high-dose glucocorticoid treatment for collagen vascular diseases. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94: 1671–77.
• 15. Ismail AA, Cooper C, Felsenberg D, et al. Number and type of vertebral deformities: epidemiological characteristics and relation to back pain and height loss. European Vertebral Osteoporosis Study Group. Osteoporos Int 1999; 9: 206–13.
• 16. Martin JC, Munro R, Campbell MK, Reid DM. Effects of disease and corticosteroids on appendicular bone mass in postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis: comparison with axial measurements. Br J Rheumatol 1997;36:43-9.
• 17. Schousboe JT, Vokes T, Broy SB, et al. Vertebral fracture assessment: the 2007 ISCD official positions. J Clin Densitom 2008;11:92–108.
• 18. Markus J Seibel, Mark S Cooper, Hong Zhou. Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: mechanisms, management, and future perspectives. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2013 Sep;1(1):59-70.
• 19. Jacobs JW, de Nijs RN, Lems WF, Geusens PP, Laan RF, Huisman AM, et al. Prevention of glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis with alendronate or alfacalcidol: relations of change in bone mineral density, bone markers, and calcium homeostasis. J Rheumatol 2007;34 (5):1051-7.
• 20. American College of Rheumatology Ad Hoc Committee on Glucocorticoid- Induced Osteoporosis Recommendations for the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: 2001 update. Arthritis Rheum 2001;44:1496-503.
• 21. Lekamwasam S, Adachi JD, Agnusdei D, et al. A framework for the development of guidelines for the management of glucocorticoid- induced osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int 2012; 23: 2257–76.
• 22.Grossman JM, Gordon R, Ranganath VK, et al. American College of Rheumatology 2010 recommendations for the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2010; 62: 1515–26.
• 23. Amin S, LaValley MP, Simms RW, Felson DT. The role of vitamin D in corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis: a meta-analytic approach. Arthritis Rheum 1999; 42: 1740–51.
• 24.Tang BM, Eslick GD, Nowson C, Smith C, Bensoussan A. Use of calcium or calcium in combination with vitamin D supplementation to prevent fractures and bone loss in people aged 50 years and older: a meta-analysis. Lancet 2007; 370: 657–66.
• 25. Sambrook PN. Corticosteroid osteoporosis: practical implications of recent trials. J Bone Miner Res 2000; 15: 1645–49.
• 26. Silverman SL, Lane NE. Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2009;7:23-6.
• 27. Marcus R, Wong M, Heath H 3rd, Stock JL. Antiresorptive treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis: comparison of study designs and outcomes in large clinical trials with fracture as an endpoint. Endocr Rev 2002; 23: 16–37.
• 28. Sambrook PN, Roux C, Devogelaer JP, et al. Bisphosphonates and glucocorticoid osteoporosis in men: results of a randomized controlled trial comparing zoledronic acid with risedronate. Bone 2012; 50: 289–95
• 29. Saag KG, Emkey R, Schnitzer TJ, et al. Alendronate for the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis Intervention Study Group. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 292–99.
• 30. Cohen S, Levy RM, Keller M, et al. Risedronate therapy prevents corticosteroid-induced bone loss: a twelve-month, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel- group study. Arthritis Rheum 1999; 42: 2309–18.
• 31. Reid DM, Devogelaer JP, Saag K, et al. Zoledronic acid and risedronate in the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (HORIZON): a multicentre, double-blind, doubledummy, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2009; 373: 1253–63.
• 32. Adachi JD, Bensen WG, Brown J, et al. Intermittent etidronate therapy to prevent corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 1997; 337: 382–87
• 33. Lane NE, Sanchez S, Modin GW, Genant HK, Pierini E, Arnaud CD. Parathyroid hormone treatment can reverse corticosteroid- induced osteoporosis. Results of a randomized controlled clinical trial. J Clin Invest 1998; 102: 1627–33.
• 34. Saag KG, Shane E, Boonen S, et al. Teriparatide or alendronate in glucocorticoid-ind